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March 1917 Revolution
The key players were the Tsar, Kerensky and Lenin. It was a revolution that destroyed the tsarists autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. This also helped started the Civil War. -
Provisional Government
The key player was the Tsar. It was the Russains new form of government following the aberration of Tsar Nicholas Second. This gave the Tsar all the people reigning over the people. -
April Thesis
The key players were Lenin and the Bolsheviks. It was a series of directives issued by the Bolshevik leader Lenin upon his return to Petrograd, shortly after his exile. He was brought back by the Germans in hopes that Lenin would stir up trouble. Lenin succeeded in pursading the Bolsheviks in his April thesis, this lead to his October Revolution. -
Kornilov Affair- Summer 1917
The key players were Kornilov and Kerensky. It was an alleged attempt at the Coup Detat by the commander -in- chef of the Russian army to overthrow the Russian Provisonal government. Kornilov makes an attempt at take over but fails, this then directly leads into the Bolshevik Revolution. -
Bolshevik Revolution
The key players were solely the Bolsheviks. The Bolshevik revolution revolved around the control over the state and destroying Provisional Government. They gained control of Petrograd in 13th of October. Lenin fled the country previously in July in order to escape from the Provisional Government. He returned on the 23rd of October and on the 7th of November, the Lenin, Trotsky, and the Bolsheviks seized power and destroyed the Provisional Government. -
Treaty of Brest- Litovsk
The key players were the Russians and Powers of WW1. Lenin signed a treaty with Germany that allowed for Russia’s exit from World War I in exchange for huge peices of land; "this was due to the fact that Lenin realized he could not balance the development and tackle the problems in Russia alongside the expense and effort of foreign war at the same time. Also because his government was not strong enough." This made all the people start beleiving in their own country again. -
Rapprochement
The key players were significant war heads. Rapprochement is significant at this time because Russia had re-established contact with a previous enemy, Japan. Joining forces at this time is significant because together they wanted to join the part of China known as Manchuria. This resulted in a successful capture of Manchuria dividing the country in to two pieces. The North was given to the Russians and the South to the Japanese. -
War Communism
The key players were The Bolsheviks. Within Russia was the start of nationalization of industries, and all private industry was eliminated. Private trade suppressed, labour and food levies required peasants to turn in all their food. Its purpose being the need to obtain food for the Red Army & the urban population during the Civil War. This meant only those enlisted in the army were supplied with sufficent food. -
Civil War
The key players were the Red Army, the Bolsheviks, the White Army and Russian Personal. This was a muti-party war; it took place within the former Russian empire after the Russian Provisonial Government collasped at the hands of the Soviets. This war gave the Soviets pwoer all throughout Russia. -
The New Government
The key player in the New Government was Lenin. Lenin’s New Government began with immediate withdrawal from the war and allowing peasants to seize the lands. The main leaders of the New Government are Lenin, Leon Trotsky, and Joseph Stalin. They wanted peace so negotiations were made with Germany as they were willing to give up large parcels of land in exchange for peace. This was achieved in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk which played a mojor role in Russian history. -
The League of Nations
The key players were all the great powers under Woodrow Wilsons guilding. This was an intergovermental organization founded at the Paris Peace Conference, as a direct result of the Treaty of Versailles.The league collasped in 1929 when the Great Depression hit, this put many countries in turmoil as they struggled with economic affairs. As a result, people wanted change quickly, and turned to the right wing ideology Fascism for that speedy recovery. -
New Economic Policy
The key player was Lenin. War Communism wasn’t heading in the direction of economic recovery so Lenin created the New Economic Policy in order to replace War Communism. Some private trade was now permitted, peasants were allowed to sell goods, and they were to benefit the most from the NEP. Workers in small factories, were able to buy their factory and cooperatively managing it together. So this benefited many peasants. -
Treaty of Rapallo
The key players were Germany and the Soviet Union. The Treaty of Rapllo was between Germany and the newly formed U.S.S.R. The treaty was an agreement that Soviets would produce illegal war material for Germany, this disobeyed the Treaty of Versailles and the U.S.S.R. were to recieve steel manufacturing technology in exchange. -
Kellogg-Briand Pact
The key players were USA, France, The UK and Italy, This was a pact that aimed at ending the war, but didn not suceed." This pact declared that war should only be used for self defense, not “an instrument of national policy” but it did little to stop Japan from invading Manchuria in 1931, the Italian invasion of Abyssinia in 1935, and the invasion of Poland." -
The Five Year Plans
The key player in the Five Year Plans was Joesph Stalin. They were plans set in place by Stalin, they were ta first a economic trial for a command economy to reach economic goals. Though many negatives came of having the Five Year Plans such as the Gulags, in the end they turned out to be good. Several things increased such as increased production. It forced ninety percent of peasants were on collective farms by 1937,leading to an increase in agriculure. Aswell as rapid urbanization. -
The Purges
The key player was Stalin. This was Stalin’s method of removing his enemies – "killing all the Old Guard (old heroes of the Revolution)" and carrying it into the Army where he executed 1 out of 5 officers. It led to ‘show trials’ where these ‘criminals’ confessed to treason". Many men were killed for crimes that were not commited. -
Nazi-Soviet Pact
The key players were the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. This was a non aggression pact; they were both to remain neutral. If either were attacked, one would help the other. This remain effective until after June 1941 when Germany invaded The Soviet Union under the direction of Hitler.
