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1519
1519- Alonso Álvarez de Pineda
Alonso Álvarez de Pineda, a Spanish adventurer, sailed from a base in Jamaica to become the first known European to explore and map the Texas coastline -
1540
1540-1542 – Francisco Vasquez de Conrado discovers South West region
Francisco Vasquez de Conrado, originally from spain and settled down in Mexico, led an expedition into the south west region of the United States in 1540. -
February 18, 1685 – Robert Cavelier Sieur de LaSalle
Robert Cavelier Sieur de LaSalle an explorer from France who spent his voyages exploring and claiming land in the (now) United States for France. -
August 8, 1812 – The Gutierrez-Magee Expedition
Throughout the 18th Century Spain continued to claim Texas land as the New Spain. During this time, they established many Catholic missions in a major towns like San Antonio and Nacogdoches. This upset Mexico and the United States, so they formed an alliance. This alliance became known as The Gutierrez-Magee Expedition, a fillibustering expedition, with about 130-men, who crossed the Sabine River from Louisiana in a rebel movement against Spanish rule in Texas. -
Oct 28, 1813- The Battle of Mendina
The Battle of Mendina was fought 20 miles south of San Antonio de Bexar, was a battle in the Mexican War of Indpendence against the Spanish. -
January 3, 1823 – Stephen F. Austin
Stephen F. Austin came to Texas after his father past to continue his goal of geting a grant of land and permission to settle 300 families in Texas. H1e met Governor Antonio Maria Martinez to use the grant to explore and colonize the land between San Antonio and the Brazos River to help start a new colony. -
October 4, 1824 – Constitution of 1824:
Constitutional government in Texas began with the Mexican federal Constitution of 1824.The constitution set a number of democratic goals and provided for a federal republic, consisting of 19 states, four territories, and the Mexico City federal district. -
Battle of Velasco
Battle of Velasco: John Austin, leader of the Texaans, went to Brazoria to get a cannon to use against Mexican forces. When heading back, they were going through a Mexican Fort, Velasco, and the commander of the Fort refused the Texans to pass with the cannon. This lead to the Battle of Velasco which resulted in the first casualties in Texas’ relations with Mexico. The Mexican troops were forced to surrendar due to lack of ammunition. -
The convention of 1832
The convention of 1832: held in San Felipe de Austin, was a meeting where Texas asked for a tariff exemption to Texas for three years, modified laws to allow more immigration from the United States, and created a plan for orginizing militia and saftey plans to help spead news in case of an emergency. -
Convention of 1833
This convention was to resolve unfinished business discussed inthe previous convention -
Village of Gonzales
On October 2nd, Mexican soldiers tried to take a cannon from the village of Gonzales. The Texans quickly assembled a milita and a quick fight started and ended with the Mexican soldiers retreating. This started the revolution against Santa Anna to give Texas its independence. -
October 28, 1835 – The battle of Concepcion
The battle of Concepcion was the first major armed conflict of the Texas Revolution. -
Organic Law
With more and more people wanting Texas’ Independence, 47 men met and decided to create a provisional government under the Constitution of 1824. This document is known as the Organic Law. -
November 26, 1835 – Grass fight:
Grass fight: The Texans had heard that the Mexican Army was going to get a shipment of silver and gold to pay the troops. The Texans, unpaid and divided from previous battles, decided that they sould try and seize the goods. On November 26, led by Jim Bowie and Ed Burleson, the Texans spotted the Mexican troops and began firing. The Texans managed to capture 40 horses and mules, however instead of gold and silver in the sattlebags, their was freshly cut grass for the animals. -
February 23, 1836- The Alamo:
in 1936 General Antonio López de Santa Anna planned and attacked the Alamo on Feburary 23, 1836 -
March 2, 1836 – Texas Declaration of Independence:
March 2, 1836 – Declaration of Independence: On March 1st, Convention President, Richard Ellis appointed a committe to draft a Declearation of Independence. By the next day, all 59 delegates agreed and signed tue Decleartion, making it official. This declared Texas as an ididvidual country from the spanish and the United States. However, The Repubic of Texas was not recongized by the United States until 1837. -
March 27, 1836 – The Goliad Maaicure
With the loss of the Alamo and Santa Annas troops countining their mission, Sam Houston told James Fannin, to retreat with his 400 men troop quickly. However Fannin did not move quickly and the Spanish troops caught up to them. Fannin tried to fight but with no food, water, and limited ammunition, the Texans had to surrendar. The Texans were taken hostage and executed under Santa Anna, which is now known as that Goliad Massacre. -
April 21, 1836 – The Battle of San Jucinto
Sam Houston rallied up the Texans and led a surprise attack on the Mexican forces under Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. This battle led to independence and is one of the most decisive battles in history. This battle only lasted for 18 minutes because the Texans were able to capture Santa Anna. Santa Anna agreed to allow Texas independence in order to keep his life. -
September 5, 1836: Sam Hoston elected president
Sam Houston was born in Tennesse and became a lawyer. In 1812 he joined the U.S. Army. After this he took on many political jobs, such as being a member of the House of Representatives. He moved to Texas and immediately started representing the people in conventions. He soon became a the commander in chief in the Texas revolution leading the way to independence. Once Texas got their independence and became their own republic, Sam Houston was elected to be the first president of Texas. -
December 29, 1845 – Texas joins the Union:
When Texas declared its independence from Mexico, they also applied for annexation to the United States; however, it was rejected but the Secretary of State. During the 1844 presidential race, James Polk ran for pro-Texas and Manifest Destiny. He promised to annex Texas and and signed legislation making Texas the 28th state of the United States. -
April 25, 1846 – The Mexican-American War
The Mexican-American War is a series of battles over the disputes over claims of the Texas - Mexico boundaries. -
February 2, 1848: The Traety of Guadalupe Hidfalgo
The Traety of Guadalupe Hidfalgo, officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic was the truce between Mexico and the U.S. -
Compromise of 1850-
he compromise of 1850 had 5 main points. One of them being that if Texas removes its claims over the land that is now considered New Mexico, the United States would receive $10 million in compensation. -
February 1, 1861 - Texas seceds from the Union
On February 1st, Texas became the seventh state to secede from the Union. A convention was helled and a vote was cast with 171 people for leaving and 6 against, one of those people beginning Sam Houston. -
January 1, 1863 – The Battle of Gavelston:
The Battle of Galveston was a naval and land battle during the American Civil War. -
May 13, 1865 Battle of Palmito Ranch
The last land engagement of the Civil War was fought at the Battle of Palmito Ranch in far south Texas -
June 19, 1865: Texas rejoins Union:
he confederate states lost the American Civil War which meant that Texas was mandated to rejoin the United States and were given pardons for the actions committed during the war -
Election that lead to democratic party dynasty in Texas
In the election is December 1873, Richard Coke recieved 100,414 votes for governor of Texas against Edmund J. Davis. The election had extremes amount of fraud and intimidation. The court rulled that election was illegal, however, the Coke and his party took over the second floor. Davis had state troops all over the frist floor. Coke ended up getting inaugrated as governor and arranged a truce. Richard Coke began a democratic party dynasty in Texas that continued unbroken for over 100. -
1880-1890 Population Growth
The population of Texas grew rapidly from 1,591,749 in 1880 to 2,235,527 by 1890. -
September 8, 1900: Gaveston Hurricane
On September 8, 1900, a category 4 hurricane ripped through Galveson, Texas, killing as estimated 6,000 to 12,000 people. This storm was 15 feet that flooded the city and ruined thousands of homes and buildings.