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13th Amendment
The 13th Amendment ended slavery and involuntary servitude. Except as punishment for a crime comitted. -
14th Amendment
All people born in the Unted States are citizens and should be allowed the same rights and laws as others. It also states that they should be allowed to have equal protection. NAd they are protected by the Due Process. -
15th Amendment
Gave African American men the right to vote. By declaring that the right of citizens of the United States to vote will not be denied by the United States or any state by race, color, or servitude. -
Jim Crow
Laws that were made to seperate the white and black races in the south. It was supposed to create "seperate but equal" treatment. Education and public facilities were segregated. Even the US military was segerated, until HArry S. Truman Intergrated the military after WW2. -
Literacy Tests
A literacy test containedo american political history from the 1890s to the 1960s. It shows state government practices of administering tests to voters to test their litercay in order to vote. The tests were sayed to be used as an immigration policy. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
After Plessy refused to sit on a black rail carriage car, Plessy was arrested in 1896.Ferguson was at trial with him and Plessy was found guilty for violating an (1890) Louisiana statute. "Seperate but equal". -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment states that any United States citizen shouldn't be denied the right to vote based on gender. The 19th Amendment was first introduced to congress in 1878. Forty-one years later in 1919 congress approved the amendment. -
Korematsu V. United States
President Franklin Roosevelt ordered a 9066 on February 19, 1942. Granting the U.S Military the power to ban many us citizens of Japanese ancestry from areas of critical to domestic security. In 1944, the case was upheld by the supreme court of a 6-3 majority conviction. -
Sweatt V. painter
A black petitioner was denied admission to the University of Texas Law school, because of his race. After request to court for ordering admission, the University tried to get around equal laws. -
Brown V. Board of Education
The Brown V. BOE decided that the racial segregation of children in public schools violated the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Was when African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating. The boycott started during the hearing for Rosa Parks an lasred 381 days. Later the US Supreme court ordered the buses should be intergrated. -
Affirmatve Actions
Affirmative Actions are outcomes of the 1960's Civil Rights movement. It provides equal opportunities for members of minority groups and women in education and employment. They also refer to admission policies that provide equal access to edcuation to those that have been excluded. -
24th Amendment
Prohibits poll taxes for voters in federal elections. USe of poll taxes by states were held to be constitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States in a decision by Breedlove v. Suttles. In 1964 five states retained poll taxes. In 1966 a vote of 6-3 for poll taxes for any level of election was unconstitutional. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
This act outlawed any discrimination against race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It allowed equal access to public places and employment, and enforced desegragation in schools and the right to vote. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Was created to stop legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from excercising their right to vote. It was signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson in the most importna time of the Cilvil Rights Movements. Acording to US Department of Justice said that this is the most effective part of the civil rights movement. -
Poll Taxes
Poll Taxes was part of the Jim Crow Laws. A lot of states allowe dthe poll tax to restrict voting rights. Many states reguired poll taxes meaning you had t pay a tax on it and then when it was time to vote you had to bring a receipt in to show proof. -
Robert Kennedy Speech in Indianapolis upon death of MLK
Spoke on Notre Dame and at Ball State. When Kennedy learned about the death of MLK he planned on going to the Americna Heart of the ghetto in Indy and wanted to have a rally for MLK. WHen he spoke that was the first time people in Indy had heward about it. -
Reed V. Reed
Ms. Reed filed suit alleging a statute that prefers males over females. They Both have equal claims, that this violates the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment of the U.S Constitution. (1971) -
Regents of the University of California V. Bakke
In (1978), the University was declared too much use of racial "quotas" in it's admissions process unconstitutional. The court agrred, the medical school was ordered to shut down it's quota system. -
Equal Rights Amendment
This Amendment was brought to the United States Constitution to guarntee rights to women. In 1923 it was brought to the Congress, in 1972 it passed both houses of congress and went to state legislatures for ratification. Recieved 35 out of 38 necessary state ratification votes. -
Bowers V. Hardwick
Michael Hardwick was arrested in (August 1982). For 1st violating the Georgia Sodomy Statute, submitting to any sexual act of organs or of another persons anus or mouth. Following the warrent of his arrest for not showing in court for charges of public drinking. Hardwick was not protected by the constitution on gays. -
Americans with Disabilities
prohibits emplyers, stas, local gov. from descriminating against ople with Disabilities for hiring, firing, advancement, compensation etc. (1990) -
Lawrence V. Texas
In 1998, John Lawrence and Tyron Garner were found having sexual conduct when a false police report was called. The two men were convicted of violating Texas's "Homosexual Conduct" law. The law was found unconstitional in the end. The gay men had a fundamental liberty righ with each other. -
Fisher V. Texas
During May 2008, Abigail N. Fisher, applied for ndergraduate admission to the University of Texas. Abigail was not in the top ten of her class but competed with others that wern't either. She was denied. Fishers filed a suit, the Supreme Court rud in the Universites favor. Letting more diverse attend for law purposes. -
Indiana's Gay Rights
Indiana Gay marriages and gay rights are tourn between freedom of religion and speech over unconstitutional laws and morals of today's society. In a move that was expected by legal observers, the 7th circut on Monday blocked it's own order in that case Indiana.
