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Black Codes
- This date was when slavery was abolished laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War. These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt.
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13th Amendment
Abolishes slavery and Involuntary Servitude, and gives congress the power to enforce abolition through legislation. -
14th Amendment
Protects rights against state infringements, defines citizenship, prohibits states from interfering with privileges and immunities, requires due process and equal protection, punishes states for denying vote, and disqualifies Confederate officials and debts -
15th Amendment
Stated that Voting rights will not be based on race. -
26th Amendment
Gave citizens the Right to Vote at the Age 18 -
Plessy vs Ferguson
- They said it was unconstitutional to make things separate but equal when the quality was not the same.- The court found it constitutional and did not end the separation. - They denied different colors of riding the train car that was for whites.- Plessy was mixed race and still denied the right to ride with the whites.- Plessy lost the case.
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19th Amendment
Women's Right to Vote -
20th Amendment
Shortens the lame duck period by moving the presidential inauguration from March to January. -
Federal Housing Authority
a United States government agency created as part of the National Housing Act of 1934. It sets standards for construction and underwriting and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building. -
Brown vs Board of Education
- About letting african american kids go to the same schools as white kids.- Black kids had to walk far to get to all black schools.- Brown won the case.- There was multiple cases but they called it Brown because his name was first in alphabet.
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Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.
-On this date they were abolsihed -
Desegregation
The date is the year schools were desegregated.
- the removal of systematic barriers such as laws, customs, or practices that separate, seclude, or isolate a group of persons from the general mass on the basis of race or other factors in public facilities, neighborhoods, organizations, or other arenas -
Rosa Parks
- This is the day Parks refused to move from her seat for a white man
- Worked for NAACP
- Inspired by Claudett Colvin
- Worked closely wit h MLK Jr. in the Montgummary Bus Boycotts
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
- This date is the start of the Montgomery Bus Boycott
- Lasted from Dec 1955 to Dec 1956 -Started with Claudette and Rosa -Ended with the Supreme Court of the United States case Browder v Gayle that said segretation buses was unconstitutional
- This was lead by MLK Jr, Rosa Parks, and the NAACP
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Orville Faubus
- On this date Faubus sent the Arkansas National Guard to prohibit nine African American students from entering Little Rock High School -Governor of Arkansas-Best known for his stand in the desegregation of Little Rock High School where he ordered Arkansas National Guard to stop African American students from entering the school-President Eisenhower sent the U.S. Army to escort the students to and from school for a year
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civil rights act of 1957
primarily a voting rights bill, was the first civil rights legislation passed by Congress in the United States since the 1866 and 1875 Acts. -
Sit-Ins
-Most well known sit-ins happened in Greensboro North Carolina
-4 University student who sat at a “whites only” counter and were refused service, refused to leave until the store closed -
affirmative action
President John F. Kennedy issued Executive Order 10925, which included a provision that government contractors "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin." -
Non-Violent Protest
-Martin Luther King Jr supported this idea strongly and tha is why this date is the day he gave his "I Have a Dream" Speech
this means- the practice of achieving goals through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, without using violence. -
Betty Friedan
- The year is when her book was written
- an American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States, her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the second wave of American feminism in the 20th century
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civil rights act of 1964
a landmark piece of civil rights legislation in the United States that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
24th Amendment
Abolition of Poll Tax Requirement in Federal Elections -
24th Amendment
Abolition of Poll Tax Requirement in Federal Elections -
Head Start
Head Start is a federally-funded program targeting children ages 3-5 and providing a variety of services -
Upward Bound
a national program that more than doubles the chances of low-income, first-generation students graduating from college so they can escape poverty and enter the middle class. -
Sharecropping/ Tenant Farming
- The date is the the day slavery was abolished because after slavery farmers started to share crop -a system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land.
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Lester Madox
- This date is when he became Governor of Georgia
- Former resteraunt owner who refused to serve blacks -ran for governor thought he had not held a public office before
- Segregationist -later oversaw many improvements to black employment rights as governor
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Martin Luther King Jr.
-This is the date of his death, chosen to remember the things he has acomplished.
- Leader of the Civil rights movement
- Advocated nonviolent civil disobedience and demanded equal rights for Blacks including desegregation in all public facilities
- Was arrested for protesting
He was asssinated in 1968 and his death started race riots all over America -
George Wallace
-This date was one time he ran for president
-Governor of Alabama-Ran for U.S. President 4times-Pro-segregationist-“I say segregation today, segregation tomorrow, and segregation forever.” -
Lynching
-to kill (someone), especially by hanging, for an alleged offense with or without a legal trial.
-Michael Donald was a young African-American man who was murdered in 1981 in Mobile, Alabama by two Ku Klux Klan (alleged) members. The arbitrary murder is sometimes referred to as the last recorded lynching in the United States because his two attackers hung his body from a tree.
- This date was the day he was killed -
Thurgood Marshall
-This is the date of his death, chosen to remember the things he has acomplished.
- Distinguished lawyer
-Argued and won Brown v. Board of Education
-Worked for the NAACP
-1st African American Supreme Court Justice-Established a record for supporting the voiceless American -
Cesar Chavez
This is the date he dies in rememberance of all his acomplishments
-Cesar Chavez was an American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist, who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association -
Hector P Garcia
He was a Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
A law passed at the time of the civil rights movement. It eliminated various devices, such as literacy tests, that had traditionally been used to restrict voting by black people. It authorized the enrollment of voters by federal registrars in states where fewer than fifty percent of the eligible voters were registered or voted. All such states were in the South. -
Titile 9
a comprehensive federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.
