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Period: 2000 BCE to
Beginnings of Exploration
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753 BCE
Rome
Rome was the state that unified Europe by conquering places like England/Wales, Spain, France Greece and the middle east. Roman law set up the frame for basic Civil Law the most used legal system today and after the dissolution of the western Roman empire, Which ended when Romulus was over thrown by a Germanic ruler, roman law stayed active in the eastern Roman empire.roman law also served as the foundation for legal practice throughout western continental Europe. -
401 BCE
Dark ages
The Catholic church became the hierarchy of the society with the pope as the leader of western Europe. the dark ages was the start of the use of new military technology such as gunpowder and cross bows. During the dark ages there was no higher learning so it was going backwards from what the Romans had built and created. Also the economy was very weak which is why these were called the dark ages while being compared to other eras in history. -
1095
The Crusades
During the crusades, which started when the pope told Christians to go to war to get holy land from under Muslim control Templar were created. the Templar were knights who protected Christian pilgrims who were traveling to the holy land from attacks on the road. they were also considered the military of that time. While the crusades where traveling to battle they would also trade ideas with the people they encountered such as medicine, science and maths. But they failed in the end -
1300
The Renaissance
This era had many great technological advances such as the Mechanical clock, telescope and the printing press. The printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in 1440 creating mass production of printed material. Leonardo davinci was an artist during this time and is most famous for him Mona Lisa painting and also contributed to the architect of time period. the architect mirrored hat of Greek and Rome. -
1346
The Black Death
The black death started when an infected rat stowed away on a cargo ship.Because many people died during this demand for workers were high increasing the wages of peasants. Raising their wages and creating a higher standard of living. -
1450
Exploration
Portugal was one of the first European nations to start exploration.Their prince,Infante D. Henrique or Henry the Navigator is well known for sponsoring a large deal of explorations along the west coast of Africa. Soon other nations followed such as Spain who sponsored Christopher Columbus explorations in exchange for claim on the land he found while trying to find a direct route to Asia. During the age of exploration science many people also thought the world was flat. -
1492
Colombian exchange
The Colombian exchange was the widespread transfer of food, plants diseases and animals between the Americas and the old world. foods such as pears, oranges and pigs were sent from Europe to the Americas while things such as avocados, cotton and tobacco where sent from the Americas to the old world. along with food and animals disease was also traded. Germs the native Americans never knew about were the cause of many of their deaths. -
Chesapeake colonies
The Chesapeake Colonies were the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, later the Commonwealth of Virginia, and Province of Maryland, later Maryland, both colonies located in British America and centered on the Chesapeake Bay. ... Chesapeake had one crop economy that was based on tobacco. -
Period: to
English Colonial Societies
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Caribbean colonies
In the Caribbean colonies sugar was the main crop planted from the 18th to the 20th century. It was used for almost everything. nations like France, Spain,Holland and England all had stakes in these colonies. while Barbados was an English possession where slaves greatly outnumbered the white population. -
Massachusetts bay colony
These colonies were along the east coast of north america. A leader of these colonies was John Winthrop, an English puritan lawyer who was the first governor of the colonies. Anne Hutchinson was also a leader in the colonies but more on the religious side. she believed god spoke to her and spread the word that people could be saved if they heard the voice of god like she did which was unheard of by the quakers who strived for religious perfection. -
Charter colonies
Charter colony is one of three classes of colonial government established in the 17th century English colonies in North America, the other classes being proprietary colony and royal colony. The colonies of Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Massachusetts Bay were charter colonies. -
Glorious Revolution
Also known as the revolution of 1688 this was the revolution that over threw king James the second. he was replaced with a joint monarchy with his daughter who was a protestant ,Mary and her husband who was dutch. Before they were crowned they agreed to the English bill of rights. this created a separation of powers limiting the power of the king and queen. freedom of speech was increased and democracy was encouraged. -
Salem witch trials
the Salem witch trials were the hearing and prosecution of people mainly women who were accused of witch craft. this was caused after a group of girls claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused local women of witch craft. as a result over 2,000 were accused and 20 people lost their lives. after the trails were admitted as mistakes families of the convicted were compensated. -
act of union
the act of union was unification of Scotland and England when king James the sixth was ruler of both. (according to the TV show reign it was because queen Mary's husband, James father went crazy because he had an STD and kidnapped James and left him in the woods when he was an infant so she had her lover kill him and the lover friend snitched so she wrote her cousin Elizabeth asking her to names James her heir in exchange she wouldn't threaten Elizabeths rule in England anymore birthing Britain -
Acts of Parliament
Because of events like the Boston tea party England passed acts of parliament. The first one was the Revenue/ sugar act putting taxes on sugar. th stamp act and the navigation act will do the same to papers goods and trading. -
Boston massacre
The Boston Massacre occurred on March 5, 1770 when British soldiers in Boston opened fire on a group of American colonists killing five men. Prior to the Boston Massacre the British had instituted a number of new taxes on the American colonies including taxes on tea, glass, paper, paint, and lead. -
Period: to
Colonial America
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French and Indian war
Image result for britain during the french and indian war
The French and Indian War began in 1754 and ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The war provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but disputes over subsequent frontier policy and paying the war's expenses led to colonial discontent, and ultimately to the American Revolution. -
Period: to
The Revolutionary War
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boston tea party
the Boston tea party was a protest to the acts of parliament. specifically the tea act taxing th tea. so a group of drunk Americans dressed up as Indians and threw the tea over board. -
Declaration of independence
The declaration opens with a preamble describing the document's necessity in explaining why the colonies have overthrown their ruler and chosen to take their place as a separate nation in the world. All men are created equal and there are certain unalienable rights that governments should never violate.The only reason to have a government is to protect these basic human rights, which Jefferson lists as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. -
Battles
There were many battles during the revolutionary war all happening from 1776 to 82.First Revolutionary Battle at Lexington and Concord. In April 1775, when British troops are sent to confiscate colonial weapons, they run into an untrained and angry militia. This ragtag army defeats 700 British soldiers and the surprise victory bolsters their confidence for the war ahead -
Massachusetts constitution
The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the fundamental governing document of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, one of the 50 individual state governments that make up the United States of America. ... Voters approved the document on June 15, 1780. -
Articles of confederation
The Articles of Confederation was the first written constitution of the United States.The Articles of Confederation created a national government composed of a Congress, which had the power to declare war, appoint military officers, sign treaties, make alliances, appoint foreign ambassadors, and manage relations with Indians.After fighting ended in 1783, the new U.S. Government needed to pay off its debt, but lacked sufficient tax authority to secure any revenue. -
Madison Presidency
James Madison Jr. (March 16 [O.S. March 5], 1751 – June 28, 1836) was an American statesman and Founding Father who served as the fourth President of the United States from 1809 to 1817.When Jefferson became the third U.S. president, Madison served as his secretary of state. In this role, he oversaw the Louisiana Purchase from the French in 1803. During his presidency, Madison led the U.S. into the controversial War of 1812 (1812-15) against Great Britain. -
Treaty Of Paris
The Treaty of Paris of 1783, negotiated between the United States and Great Britain, ended the revolutionary war and recognized American independence. The Continental Congress named a five-member commission to negotiate a treaty–John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, and Henry Laurens. -
Period: to
The Constitution
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Problems with Britain
Britain spent a huge amount of money fighting the Revolutionary War, increasing national debt hugely and creating a yearly interest of nearly ten million pounds. Taxes had to be raised as a result. The trade which Britain relied on for wealth was severely interrupted, with imports and exports experiencing large drops and the recession which followed caused stock and land prices to plummet. -
Shays Rebellion
Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Massachusetts during 1786 and 1787. Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels in an uprising against perceived economic and civil rights injustices.Although farmers took up arms in states from New Hampshire to South Carolina, where bad harvests, economic depression, and high taxes threatened farmers with the loss of their farms. The rebellion was named after, Daniel Shays of, a former captain in the Continental army. -
Constitutional Convention
The Constitutional Convention took place from May 14 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The point of the event was decide how America was going to be governed.Although the Convention had been officially called to revise the existing Articles of Confederation, many delegates had much bigger plans.The Virginia Plan was a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch. The plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble. -
Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States (the Confederation Congress), passed July 13, 1787. The Ordinance of 1787, the Northwest Ordinance established a government for the Northwest Territory, outlined the process for admitting a new state to the Union, and guaranteed that newly created states would be equal to the original thirteen states. -
Election of 1788
Washington served as a general and commander-in-chief of the colonial armies during the American Revolution, and later became the first president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. He died on December 14, 1799, in Mount Vernon, Virginia.It was conducted under the new United States Constitution. In the election, George Washington was unanimously elected for the first of his two terms as president, and John Adams became the first vice president. -
Period: to
New Republic
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Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. crafted to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. -
Bank of the united states
The First Bank of the United States, was a national bank by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first central bank.The National Bank Act was designed to create a national banking system, float federal war loans, and establish a national currency. Congress passed the act to help resolve the financial crisis that emerged during the early days of the Civil War. -
Madison presendency
James Madison Jr.was an American statesman and Founding Father who served as the fourth President of the United States from 1809 to 1817.When Jefferson became the third U.S. president, Madison served as his secretary of state. In this role, he oversaw the Louisiana Purchase from the French in 1803. During his presidency, Madison led the U.S. into the controversial War of 1812 (1812-15) against Great Britain -
Slavery
Slavery started in Africa when tribes would take people from others during war. soon they started selling the captured to the Americans creating the Atlantic slave trade. the Atlantic slave trade consisted of Africa,Europe and the Americas. Europe would would send weapons such as guns into Africa and in return Africa would sell slaves to the Americas who then would sell raw materials like tobacco to Europe. -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington. The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government. ... These farmers resisted the tax.By 1794, the Whiskey Rebellion threatened the stability of the nascent United States and forced President Washington to personally lead the United States militia westward to stop the rebels. -
Election of 1796
Image result for election of 1796en.wikipedia.org
The United States presidential election of 1796 was the first contested American presidential election and the only one to elect a President and Vice President from opposing tickets. Although Adams won, Thomas Jefferson received more electoral votes than Pinkeye and was elected Vice-President. -
Two competing forms of government
During this time Federalist like Alexander Hamilton want the government to have power leaving the states with very little influence. He wanted the nation to be ruled by the elite and thought business men were Americas future. On the other side Thomas Jefferson Wanted the complete opposite. He believed the states should have most of the power. he also believed the common man was the future of america. -
Period: to
The Age of Jefferson
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Hamilton vs Burr
The Burr–Hamilton duel was fought between prominent American politicians Aaron Burr, the sitting Vice President of the United States, and Alexander Hamilton, the former Secretary of the Treasury, at Weehawken, New Jersey on July 11, 1804. -
Jefferson Administration
The presidency of Thomas Jefferson began on March 4, 1801, when he was inaugurated as the third President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1809. Jefferson assumed the office after defeating incumbent President John Adams in the 1800 presidential election.Jefferson had authorized Livingston only to purchase New Orleans. Preventing the United States from acquiring New Orleans, so they agreed and signed the Louisiana Purchase Treaty on April 30, 1803. -
Technological benefits of War of 1812
the United States declared war against Great Britain in reaction to three issues: the British economic blockade of France, the induction of thousands of neutral American seamen into the British Royal Navy against their will, and the British support of hostile Indian tribes along the Great Lakes frontier. -
War of 1812
the United States declared war against Great Britain in reaction to three issues the British economic blockade of France the induction of thousands of neutral American seamen into the British Ral Navy against their will and the British support of hostile Indian tribes alg the Great Lakes frontier.The Battle of Fort McHenry was fought September 1814 Having defeated Napoleon and removed the French emperor from power the British were able to turn their attention to the war with the US -
Flordia
The Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty, the Florida Purchase Treaty, or the Florida Treaty, was a treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain.Eviction of Indians and Taking of Florida. In the next few years, Jackson continued to serve as Major General over much of the south-east, with a salary of $2,400 a year and $1,652 in expenses. -
Panic of 1819
The Panic of 1819 was the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States followed by a general collapse of the American economy persisting through 1821.Banks closed, houses and farms were foreclosed, and nearly everyone was affected. In this lesson, focus on the Panic of 1819 and its causes. -
Free black communities
When Americans think of African-Americans in the DEEP SOUTH before the Civil War, the first image that invariably comes to mind is one of slavery. However, many African-Americans were able to secure their freedom and live in a state of semi-freedom even before slavery was abolished by war. FREE BLACKS lived in all parts of the United States, but the majority lived amid slavery in the American South. -
Period: to
Early Industrial Revolution
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Monror doctrine
a principle of US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US.The Doctrine was issued on December 2, 1823 at a time when nearly all Latin American colonies of Spain and Portugal had achieved, or were at the point of gaining, independence from the Portuguese and Spanish Empires. -
Election of 8124
In the United States presidential election of 1824, John Quincy Adams was elected President on February 9, 1825, after the election was decided by the House of Representatives.In this election, the Democratic-Republican Party splintered as four separate candidates sought the presidency.As no presidential candidate had received a majority of the total electoral votes in the election of 1824, Congress decides to turn over the presidential election to the House of Representatives. -
Age of the common man
Era of the Common Man. Andrew Jackson's term as president began a new era in American politics In reality Jackson was anything but common. The period from Jackson's inauguration as president up to the Civil War is known as the Jacksonian Era or the Era of the Rise of the Common Man -
election of 1828
The United States presidential election of 1828 was the 11th quadrennial presidential election, held from Friday, October 31, to Tuesday, December 2, 1828. It featured a re-match between incumbent President John Quincy Adams, and Andrew Jackson, who won a plurality of the electoral college vote in the 1824 election. -
Period: to
Age of jackson
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Presidency of john Q. Adams
John Quincy Adams from July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848 he served as an American statesman,etc. and the sixth President of the from 1825 to 1829.As president, Adams faced steadfast hostility from the Jacksonian in Congress, which perhaps explained his relatively few substantive accomplishments while in the White House. He proposed a progressive national program, including federal funding of an interstate system of roads and canals and the of a national university. -
Growing Cities
The Industrial Revolution changed families and lifestyles. Factories drew workers away from their homes and into large cities.In Glasgow, Scotland tenements were built to provide inexpensive housing for the vast quantity of people moving to the city in the 19th and early 20th century as a outcome of the Industrial Revolution, when the city's population reached more than 1 million people. -
change in communication
Developed in the 1830s and 1840s by Samuel Morse (1791-1872) and other inventors, the telegraph revolutionized long-distance communication. It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laid between stations.Although the telegraph had fallen out of widespread use by the start of the 21st century, replaced by the telephone, fax machine and Internet, it laid the groundwork for the communications revolution that led to those later innovations. -
Change in Agriculture
The Agricultural Revolution of the 18th century paved the way for the Industrial Revolution in Britain. New farming techniques and improved livestock breeding led to amplified food production. This allowed a spike in population and increased health.Agriculture had dominated the British economy for centuries. During the 18th century, after a long period of enclosures, new farming systems created an agricultural revolution that produced larger quantities of crops. -
Change in Transportation
The growth of the Industrial Revolution depended on the ability to transport raw materials and finished goods over long distances. There were three main types of transportation that increased during the Industrial Revolution: waterways, roads, and railroads.Steamboats. At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the invention of the steam engine became widely popular. Steamboats were the convention. They were used as methods of transportation in canals and other navigable waterways -
Jackson Administration
Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was an American soldier and statesman who served as the seventh President of the United States from 1829 to 1837.In politics and government, a spoils system (also known as a patronage system) is a practice in which a political party, after winning an election, gives government civil service jobs to its supporters, friends and relatives as a reward for working toward victory.Which was created by Andrew Jackson -
Immigration
They came from Italy, Greece, and other Eastern European countries.The Industrial Revolution had a huge impact on immigration to the United States. Indeed, the labor force supplied by the immigrants played a key role in the increase of factories and the economic well being of America. Many immigrants came to America seeking greater economic opportunity, while Pilgrims arrived in search of religious freedom. mostly from Ireland and England, had found their way to the United States. -
Labor changes
manufacturing was often done in people's homes, using hand tools or basic machines. Industrialization marked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production.The iron and textile industries, along with the development of the steam engine, played central roles in the Industrial Revolution, which also saw improved systems of transportation, communication and banking.
