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Period: 22,000 BCE to
Beginning of exploration
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1345
Aztec Empire
Is a tribe that started in Mexico and was one of the largest and became powerful. They were from Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs emerged as the dominant force in central Mexico. It was a Mesoamerican tribe that moved there and became to grow by the early 13th century. Many of the old world foods were discovered to be with the Aztecs and most were wiped out by the conquistador Hernan Cortes when he took the land by force. It was a highly structured society that was good at the goods. -
Jan 1, 1347
The Black Death
Black Death or the Black plague was deadly it killed over 200 million people in Eurasia, and it is said to have killed about 60% of Europe's population. It was caused by fleas which traveled thru the rats that were being transported to the cities and towns were it began to spread rapidly. It killed almost enough people that they needed 200 years for the same amount of people to be the same as it once was. -
Aug 26, 1451
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus is an Italian explorer who led the expedition thru the Atlantic ocean and accidentally stumbled on unknown territory which became known as the Americas. Born in 1451 he was a navigator and an explorer who took four voyages across the Atlantic. He was send mostly by the monarchs of Spain to do the journeys, so while trying to take a shortcut to Asia he went West and stumbled on new lands which were inhabited already by natives. -
Aug 12, 1492
Columbus Exchange
This was a exchange between, the old world materials and the new world materials. From the old world , Christopher Columbus and the people brought new species of animals which included, cattle, horses and pigs. Also a lot of crops like rice and wheat these were some of the good things. The one that impacted the most was the diseases they brought with them that wiped out a lot of the native population. While the new world exchanged tomatoes, potatoes, peanuts, beans, and much more. -
Jun 7, 1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
The Treaty of Tortillas was between Portugal and Spain on the new land that Christopher Columbus had discovered.They divided the new world by putting a line in the Atlantic ocean west of the Cape Verde islands. Portugal was going to keep the east side which is most of today's current Brazil while Spain kept everything west of it. The treaty ignored all of the people that were already living there, also they did not get involved with the other super powers. -
Jul 24, 1534
New France
New France was territory gained by the french when they discovered new lands in the west which were the Americas.It was discovered by an explorer named Jacques Cartier, he also was the first European to set foot on modern day Canada. New France was part of the shores of the St. Lawrence River, Newfoundland, and Acadia, also it is now modern day Quebec. French settles came here to sell fur but failed and now gave the land to Great Britain and some to Spain. -
Period: 1550 to
English Colonial Societies
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Roanoke Colony
Roanoke Colony which was also named the lost colony was located in modern day North Carolina. This place was brought up by 115 English settlers that came from the old world to settle here. John white was made governor and come back with supplies to bring from England to lift the colony up. The mystery still remains of what happened to the village either they got killed my natives, retreated or, moved inland but there was no sign of them only a word clue. -
Triangular Trade
Its a three way trade that had 3 ports when the New world ,Old world and Africa that was named Triangular trade. The trans-Atlantic British trade route which started in Europe and brought African Americans to the new land so that they could work on the plantations and even in the new world people would bring there foods to Europe so it was a triangle. -
Jamestown
It was the first English settlement that was permanent in the new world. It was located in the James river, the group called the Virginia Company was there because they heard that the new world was full of gold and silver. The people were able to survive due to their new cash crop that would turn things around. They would avoid conflicts with natives and proceed to build the town -
Plymouth Colony
The second permanent English colony was established by the pilgrims which moved to the new world because of religious reasons. The pilgrims wanted to land in Virginia but ended up landing more north that they wanted to. Half of the pilgrims died the first winter and the ones that survived were helped by Indians that helped them survive by planting and showing them how to farm crops to built the colony. After 1691 the population grew to 7,000 -
Maryland Colony
Maryland is part of the 13 original colonies that established by colonists who believed in Catholicism. Also it was named after Henrietta Maria,the spouse or queen of King George I. It was one of the southern colonies. The Maryland Colony was founded by Cecil Calvert who first named it Province of Maryland.It was one of the original colonies that was later be part of the United States . -
John Locke
John Locke was an English philosopher that and was one of the best enlightenment thinkers. He was the father of liberalism from his ideas the founding fathers and the American revolution. He was considered to be one of the founding fathers that was involved in the creating of the constitution. -
Sir Issac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton FRS PRS was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution. -
Navigational Acts
This act limited the trade with dutch by the English colonies , this include all of the ships and goods that were part of the colonies. For the part Great Britain wanted the colonists to trade with them instead of the other European countries. They even priced up the shipment cost for most of the part. There were also additional acts that were passed due to the navigational act of 1661 -
Carolina Colony
Carolina was first an English territory then the Great Britain colony that join the colonies.its territory expand wide though modern states North and South Carolina, and went all the way south till some part of Florida and west to parts of Louisiana. It was issued to eight men, the Lords Proprietors who later became and started the colonies which later became know as North and South Carolina. -
Period: to
Colonial America
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Salem Witch Trials
Witch trials happened when young girls accused other women about being possessed by the devil. So they stated randomly accusing innocent people that they were practicing witchcraft. Most of the girls were daughters of wealthy parents so they believed them over other who were unable to defend themselves most were poor women. As each women was accused they were hanged. But most of the young girls were the ones practicing witch craft. -
George Washington
George Washington was the first president of the United states , He was part of the American constitution army that made the united states free from England. He was the general of the continental army that beat Great Britain. Then he was elected to run office for the first time, he was elected to be the first leader of the US. George Washington only ran for 1 term. -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was the third president of the United States. Jefferson was part of the founding fathers that wrote the Constitution. In his presidency he did major stuff, but mostly he expanded the US by purchasing the Louisiana territory from Napoleon and the French. Jefferson as president allowed a lot of the people to see the causes of slavery and what it was. Also he was known for being the main author for the Us Constitution. -
French and Indian war
This war lasted 9 years to conclude which was fought between France and Great Britain in Europe it was called the seven years war. The goal or reward that gave the two countries is that they could now gain control of North america. There were some encounters with Indians too that lead to them fighting them as well The french allied the Indians to fight but overall lost the war to the Great Britain. -
Alexander Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton wanted a strong central government, He was also part o the founding fathers that wrote the Constitution. He was the first treasury of state that was in the US. He was also in the convection. Hamilton is known for being the first to create a nations financial system that would help the country a lot. -
Treaty of Paris 1763
This treaty ended the French and Indian war also known as the years war. The countries that were involved in this conflict were French, Great Britain, and Spain. In the end French and Spain gave up all there territories to England. So they gained control everything east of the Mississippi river and had the coast line. -
Period: to
The Revolutionary War
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Stamp Act
act of the British Parliament in 1765 that exacted revenue from the American colonies by imposing a stamp duty on newspapers and legal and commercial documents. Colonial opposition led to the act's repeal in 1766 and helped encourage the revolutionary movement against the Crown. -
Andrew Jackson
His leadership in that conflict earned Jackson national fame as a military hero, and he would become America’s most influential–and polarizing–political figure during the 1820s and 1830s. Andrew Jackson was the 7th president of the United States. HE was a military hero, he had his nickname which was Old Hickory.ained fame as a general in the United States Army and served in both houses of Congress. -
John Quincy Adams
John Quincy Adams served as secretary of state in President James Monroe's administration from 1817 to 1825. Adams was elected 6th president but did not greatly impact all of the nation. He won the election that he lost but was elected by the congress. -
Boston Massacre
The Boston massacre was a riot that colonists had on British soldiers that lead to a deadly massacre that killed a good amount of pedestrians.a small argument between British Private Hugh White and a few colonists outside the Custom House in Boston on King Street. The argument began to escalate as more colonists gathered and began to harass and throw sticks and snowballs at Private White. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a political protest, when colonists dressed up as Indians and decided to throw out boxes of tea worth a well amount of money. American colonists, frustrated and angry at Britain for imposing the law no taxation without representation dumped 342 chests of British tea into the harbor. It was a criminal act of injustice that made Britain pass more Act later in the time. -
The Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence, adopted by the Continental Congress ,the 13 American colonies severed their political connections to Great Britain. The Declaration summarized the colonists' motivations for seeking independence. Jefferson wrote a stunning statement of the colonists' right to rebel against the British government. -
Battle of Saratoga
Battle of Saratoga marked a turning point in the Revolutionary War. It proved that the colonists could defend them selves and that if someone else wanted to fight them they would not back down without a fight. British General John Burgoyne achieved a small, but costly victory over American forces led by Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold. -
Massachusetts Constitution
he 1780 Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, drafted by John Adams, is the world's oldest functioning written constitution. It served as a model for the United States Constitution, which was written in 1787 and became effective in 1789. Anti-Federalists feared the Constitution would over-centralize government and diminish individual rights and liberties. -
Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. Suited the goals of the Americans when they were fighting for freedom from the monarchy. Yet, these documents, which favored state's rights over federal power. -
Battle of Yorktown
The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York. General George Washington, commanding a force of 17,000 French and Continental troops, begins the siege known as the Battle of Yorktown against British General Lord Charles Cornwallis and a contingent of 9,000 British troops at Yorktown, Virginia, in the most important battle of the Revolutionary war. -
Period: to
The Constitution
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Shays Rebellion
Shays' Rebellion was a series of violent attacks on courthouses and other government properties in Massachusetts, beginning in 1786, which led to a full-blown. Led by Daniel Shays, erupted between 1786 -1787 in Massachusetts.The causes of the revolt, which became known as Shays Rebellion was money or the lack of money. The American Revolutionary War had resulted in massive War Debts. -
Period: to
New Republic
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Virginia Plan
The Virginia Plan, was a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch. The plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. The Virginia Plan proposed a strong central government composed of three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. -
New Jersey Plan
The New Jersey Plan, was a proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787. 11 resolutions, and some of the key ideas included: Restoring the unicameral structure from the Articles of Confederation. Each state was equal regardless of the size of its population. Power to tax and regulate interstate commerce. -
Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance, An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio. The Northwest Ordinance also protected civil liberties and outlawed slavery in the new territories. Northwest Ordinances, also called Ordinances of 1784, 1785, and 1787, several ordinances enacted by the U.S. Congress for the purpose of establishing the Congress. -
Connecticut plan
The Connecticut Compromise was an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution. Constitutional Convention, providing the states with equal representation in the Senate and proportional representation in the House of Representatives. -
Connecticut Colony
Connecticut was originality founded by the dutch who came to claim the land for selling fur in the early 1630s. Its name came from a river that was named the same as it is. But english settlers came and under the leadership of Thomas Hooker, they were able to take over the land. Also they were puritans that came from the Massachusetts bay colony. John Haynes was also considered to be one of the other founders. -
Rhode Island Colony
Rhode island the smallest state in US was discovered by Roger Williams when he was banished from Massachusetts. First Roger Williams purchased the land from the Indians, a declared religious freedom as he went and establish new territory. is part of the New England colonies which can have very cold climates and not that much crops. The original name of the colony was the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations but it was later changed when they joined the 13 colonies. -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington, ultimately under the command of American Revolutionary war veteran Major James McFarlane. -
Bill of Rights
he Bill of Rights is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution. It spells out Americans' rights in relation to their government. ... And it specifies that “the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. -
Stephen F Austin
Stephen Fuller Austin was an American empresario. Known as the "Father of Texas", and the founder of Texas, he led the second, and ultimately, the successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States to the region in 1825. -
Jays Treaty
The Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, Between His Britannic Majesty and the United States of America, commonly known as the Jay Treaty, and also as Jay's Treaty, was a 1795 treaty between the United States and Great Britain that averted war, resolved issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783. -
Washington's farewell address
George Washington's Farewell Address is a letter written by first President of the United States George Washington to "friends and fellow-citizens". He wrote the letter near the end of his second term of presidency before retiring to his home at Mount Vernon in Virginia. The US took Washington's advice on avoiding permanent military alliances -
Cotton Gin
A cotton gin is a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, enabling much greater productivity than manual cotton separation. The fibers are then processed into various cotton goods such as linens, while any undamaged cotton is used largely for textiles like clothing. -
Election of 1796
The United States presidential election of 1796 was the first contested American presidential election and the only one to elect a President and Vice President from opposing tickets. ... Although Adams won, Thomas Jefferson received more electoral votes than Pinckney and was elected Vice-President. This was the first election in 1796 where political parties competed. He was a Federalist, Jefferson was the Democrat-Republican indicate. -
XYZ Affair
The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the administration of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to an undeclared war called the Quasi-War -
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed by the Federalist-dominated 5th United States Congress and signed into law by President John Adams in 1798. The Federalists believed that Democratic-Republican criticism of Federalist policies was disloyal and feared that aliens living in the United States would sympathize with the French during a war. -
Period: to
Age of Jefferson
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Marbury v Madison
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137, was a U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws, statutes, and some government actions that contravene the U.S. Constitution. -
Louisianan Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was the acquisition of the Louisiana territory by the United States from France in 1803. The U.S. paid fifty million francs and a cancellation of debts worth eighteen million francs for a total of sixty-eight million francs or in US today it would be 15 million. The Louisiana Purchase is important because it gave the U.S. control of the Mississippi River and the port city of New Orleans, both of which were used by farmers to ship their crops and get paid. -
Railroads
The Civil War is the first war in which railroads were a major factor. The 1850s had seen enormous growth in the railroad industry so that by 1861, 22,000 miles of track had been laid in the Northern states and 9,500 miles in the South. John Stevens is considered to be the father of American railroads. In 1826 Stevens demonstrated the feasibility of steam locomotion on a circular experimental track constructed on his estate in Hoboken, New Jersey, three years before George Stephenson. -
Lewis and Clark
The Lewis and Clark Expedition from May 1804 to September 1806, also known as the Corps of Discovery Expedition, was the first American expedition to cross the western portion of the United States.And also known as the Corps of Discovery Expedition, was the first American expedition to cross to the West ward after the Louisiana purchase. -
Robert E Lee
Robert Edward Lee was an American and Confederate soldier, best known as a commander of the Confederate States Army. He commanded the Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War from 1862 until his surrender in 1865. -
Steamboats
A steamboat is a boat that is propelled primarily by steam power, typically driving propellers or paddlewheels. Because they were so expensive, his steamboats were unsuccessful. The first successful steamboat was the Clermont, which was built by American inventor Robert Fulton in 1807. systems and, eventually, moved to France to work on canals. -
Embargo Act
The Embargo Act of 1807 was a law passed by the United State Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson on December 22, 1807. It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. -
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was an American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. Lincoln led the United States through the American Civil War—its bloodiest war and perhaps its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisis. -
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny was the idea that Americans were destined, by God, to govern the North American continent. This idea, with all the accompanying transformations of landscape, culture, and religious belief it implied, had deep roots in American culture. American people were historically connected to English civilization -
War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies from June 1812 to February 1815. Historians in Britain often see it as a minor theater of the Napoleonic Wars; in the United States and Canada, it is seen as a war in its own right, though it was separate. -
Fort McHenry
In August 1814, British forces marched on Washington, defeated U.S. forces, and burned the Capitol. Then, on September 13-14, the British attacked Fort McHenry. The failure of the bombardment and sight of the American flag inspired Francis Scott Key to compose "The Star-Spangled Banner -
Period: to
The American Industrial Revolution
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Adams-Onís Treaty
The Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty, the Florida Purchase Treaty, or the Florida Treaty, was a treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain. United States and Spain concluded all controversies regarding Spain's claims to Florida. Signed in Washington DC on February 22, 1819, by John Quincy Adams, -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise was the legislation that provided for the admission of Maine to the United States as a free state along with Missouri as a slave state, thus maintaining the balance of power between North and South in the United States Senate.a free state, that had long wanted to be separated from Massachusetts. Second, slavery was to be excluded from all new states in the Louisiana Purchase north of the southern boundary of Missouri. -
Ulysses s Grant
Ulysses S. Grant was the 18th President of the United States, Commanding General of the Army, soldier, international statesman, and author. During the American Civil War Grant led the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy with the supervision of President Abraham Lincoln. He was entrusted with command of all U.S. armies in 1864, and relentlessly pursued the enemy during the Civil War. In 1869, at age 46, Grant became the youngest president in U.S. history to that point. -
Monroe Doctrine
The Monroe Doctrine is the best known U.S. policy toward the Western Hemisphere. Buried in a routine annual message delivered to Congress by President James Monroe in December 1823, the doctrine warns European nations that the United States would not tolerate further colonization or puppet monarchs. -
Period: to
Age of Jackson
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Election of 1824
American presidential election held in 1824, in which John Quincy Adams was elected by the House of Representatives after Andrew Jackson won the most popular and electoral votes but failed to receive a majority. John Quincy Adams was elected President on February 9, 1825, after the election was decided by the House of Representatives. ... In this election, the Democratic-Republican Party splintered as four separate candidates sought the presidency. -
Spoils Systems
Spoils system, also called patronage system, practice in which the political party winning an election rewards its campaign workers and other active supporters by appointment to government posts and by other favours. Andrew Jackson introduced the spoils system after winning the 1828 presidential election. In the spoils system, the president appoints civil servants to government jobs specifically because they are loyal to him and to his political party. -
Nat Turners Rebellion
Nat Turner was a black American slave who led the only effective, sustained slave rebellion (August 1831) in U.S. history ,Fifty-six blacks accused of participating in Nat Turner's rebellion were executed, and more than 200 others were beaten by angry mobs or white militias. Rebel slaves killed from 55 to 65 people, at least 51 being white. -
Tariff Act of 1832
Shortly after the Force Bill was passed through Congress, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun proposed The Tariff of 1833, also known as the Compromise Tariff, to resolve the Nullification Crisis. The bill was very similar to the Tariff of 1832, but with a few exceptions. -
Nullification crisis
Jackson's Response to Nullification. This was the scene in 1832, when South Carolina adopted the ordinance to nullify the tariff acts and label them unconstitutional. Despite sympathetic voices from other Southern states, South Carolina found itself standing alone. Nullification Convention met. The convention declared that the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional. -
Whig Party
The Whig Party was a political party active in the middle of the 19th century in the United States. Four United States Presidents belonged to the party while in office. It emerged in the 1830s as the leading opponent of Jacksonians, pulling together former members of the National Republican and the Anti-Masonic Party -
Siege of Bexar
It became the first major campaign of the Texas Revolution. From October until early December 1835 an army of Texan volunteers laid siege to a Mexican army in San Antonio de Bexar. Texans had been defeated at the Alamo, on April 21, 1836, Houston's army won a quick battle against the Mexican forces at San Jacinto and gained independence for Texas. -
Period: to
Westward Expansion
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Battle of San Jacinto
The Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County, Texas, was the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. Led by General Sam Houston, the Texian Army engaged and defeated General Antonio López de Santa Anna's Mexican army in a fight that lasted just 18 minutes. -
Iron Plow
It was used for farming to break up tough soil without soil getting stuck to it. The plow was used by John Deere invented the steel plow in 1837.most important agricultural implement since the beginning of history, used to turn and break up soil, to bury crop residues, and to help control weeds. While John Deere invented the steel plow in 1837. -
Panic of 1837
The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major recession that lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices, and wages went down while unemployment went up. Pessimism abounded during the time. The panic had both domestic and foreign origins. -
Trail of Tears
16,000 Native Americans were marched over 1,200 miles of rugged land. Over 4,000 of these Indians died of disease, famine, and warfare. The Indian tribe was called the Cherokee. As part of Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy, the Cherokee nation was forced to give up its lands east of the Mississippi River and to migrate to an area in present-day Oklahoma -
Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail is a series of educational computer games. The first game was originally developed by Don Rawitsch, Bill Heinemann, and Paul Dillenberger in 1971 and produced by the Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium in 1974. -
Telegraph
An electrical telegraph was independently developed and patented in the United States in 1837 by Samuel Morse. The impact on society. Each new communications technology has had a greater impact on society than the one before. The telegraph changed society indirectly, by transforming the workings of government and industry. -
Mexican american war
The Mexican–American War, also known in the United States as the Mexican War and in Mexico as the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States from 1846 to 1848. s fought against one another in the Mexican-American War. Ultimately, it was a battle for land where Mexico was fighting to keep what they thought was their property and the U.S. desired to retain the disputed land of Texas and obtain more of Mexico. -
Battle of Palo Alto
United States formally declared war on Mexico, General Zachary Taylor defeated a superior Mexican force in the Battle of Palo Alto. The battle took place north of the Rio Grande River near present-day Brownsville, Texas. The prairie of Palo Alto was naturally suited for the first battle of the Mexican War. The low-lying, coastal prairie was surrounded. -
Bear Flag Revolt
The California Republic was an unrecognized breakaway state that for 25 days in 1846 militarily controlled an area north of San Francisco, in and around what is now Sonoma County in California. American settlers in revolt against Mexican rule. The flag was designed by William Todd on a piece of new unbleached cotton. The star imitated the lone star of Texas. A grizzly bear represented the many bears seen in the state. -
Period: to
Sectionalism
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California Gold rush
The gold rush peaked in 1852 and after that the gold reserves were getting thinner and harder to reach so that more sophisticated methods of mining had to be employed.In January 1848, James Wilson Marshall discovered gold while constructing a saw mill along the American River northeast of present-day Sacramento. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Indalgo
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states on the status of territories. The five main points were California as a free state the strengthening of the Fugitive Slave Law popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico concerning the question of slavery; the abolition of the slave trade in D.C. and the federal assumption of Texas's debt. -
Uncle Toms Cabin
Life Among the Lowly was the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which made aiding or assisting runaway slaves a crime in free states. Uncle Tom's Cabin, which was first published in 1852, is thus a deliberate and carefully written anti-slavery argument. The growing attitudes against slavery in the North, which had been reinforced by the content of Uncle Tom's Cabin, no doubt helped to secure the victory of Lincoln. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed by the U.S. Congress on May 30, 1854. It allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36°30´. -
Election of 1860
The Election of 1860 was a run for presidency for Abraham Lincoln and John C. Breckinridge. Republican Lincoln defeated and after he won the country fell apart. Was opposed to the expansion of slavery. They did not want this but Southerners feared that his election would lead to its demise, and vowed to leave the Union if he was elected. After 7 states seceded from the union and the Civil war had begun. -
Carpet baggers
The term “carpetbaggers” refers to Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War, during Reconstruction. Many carpetbaggers were said to have moved South for their own financial and political gains. Scalawags were white Southerners who cooperated politically with black freedmen and Northern newcomers. -
Period: to
The Civil War
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Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter is most famous for being the site of the first shots of the Civil War which was the most deadliest in the US history till this day. It all started when Confederate artillery fired on the Union garrison. These were the first shots of the war and continued all day, watched by many civilians in a celebratory spirit. The confederate states won the battle which impacted the US greatly after. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation changed the life of all of African Americans that were held as slaves. This document allowed all of the slaves to be freed from their owners who were using them. Executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln, he received a lot of hate from the north but mostly to the south because now the y freed them from labor which they were used for. -
Battle of Vicksburg
The Vicksburg battle was another major victory for the Union army because with there new commander and chief Ulysses s Grant they gained control of the Mississippi river. This was important because the south could n use the ports to transfer supplies and they did not have enough to make it. Also reinforcements could not be asked fast so they army was cut off short. -
Gettysburg battle
Gettysburg battle was an important battle that proved that the Union army was starting to get ready to turn things around between them and the confederate states. It was also named to be the most bloodiest war in the Civil war. It was a 3 day battle that left more than 50,00 men without live. This battle was also the turning point in the Union army because after this the south retread and the union started winning battles. -
Black codes
The black codes were laws to limit the freedom of fellow African american that were formally slaves and wanted to be free. Since slavery was abolish during the Civil war which was taking place which gave freedom to a lot of slaves. The black codes forbidden black to do what they wanted and needed permission to be granted what they were looking for. -
Period: to
Reconstruction
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40 Acres and a mule
Forty Acres and a Mule refers to a promise made in the United States for agrarian reform to former enslaved black farmers by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman on January 16, 1865 -
Freedmens Bureau
The Freedmen's Bureau, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. -
Appomattox Courthuse
The civil war came to a final end here were general lee surrendered to Ulysses s Grant. Union cavalry forces under General Philip Sheridan had outrun Lee’s troops, blocking their retreat and taking approximately 6,000 prisoners at Sayler’s Creek. So he decided to hold the fort and let them starve to death so that he could give up and end the 4 year war. -
Ku Klux Klan
This group was made to to criticize former slaves for gaining voting rights to the courts.They were mostly southerners opposed to reconstruction after the Civil War. The Klan moved beyond just targeting blacks and later on different races and beliefs. -
15th admendment
The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal government and each state from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude". It was ratified on February 3, 1870, as the third and last of the Reconstruction Amendments.
