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Rebirth of European culture beginning in Italy
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The time period when European explores ventured out and "discovered" new lands
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Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press making texts widely accessible
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Vasco de Gama successfully sails from Europe to India
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Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa in Florence, Italy
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Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City
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Desiderius Erasmus publishes the New Testament in Greek
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Martin Luther is credited with kicking off the Reformation by nailing his 95 Theses on the door of Wittenburg Cathedral for everyone to see
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The period where Christianity split into two (Catholicism and Protestantism)
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Martin Luther writes the Three Treatises which helps people open their eyes about the church
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Assembly of the Holy Roman Empire in Worms, Germany
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This is significant to The Reformation because now people can interpret the New Testament of the Bible for themselves
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In order for King Henry VIII to divorce his wife at the time, he breaks the country away from Catholicism and founded the Church of England which allowed divorces
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Founded by St. Ignatius de Loyola
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Jacques Cartier discovers present-day Canada for Frace while searching for riches and a rumored Northwest passage to Asia
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John Calvin published his Institutes of the Christian Religion which educated people on the Protestant faith
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Polish mathematician, Nicolaus Copernicus comes up with the Heliocentric Theory kicking off the Scientific Revolution
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The period of questioning ancient beliefs, new experiments, observations, math, scientific instruments, and curiosity
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The Council of Trent, held in Trent, Italy, was a meeting of leaders in the Catholic Church with the purpose of counter-acting The Reformation
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The time when rulers in Europe desired to rule in the form of Absolute Monarchies
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A treaty that allowed Catholics and Lutherans to practice their faiths in coexistence
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The start of her reign marked the beginning of the Elizabethan era of England filled with modern thinking and the arts
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Michelangelo, one of the appointed architects, completes the dome model for the Basilica
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William Shakespeare joins the King's Men where he wrote many of his famous plays
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His invention was the beginning of modern astronomy and set the stage for many discoveries about space
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One of the most famous Spanish novels, Don Quixote was written by Michael de Cervantes
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English physician William Harvey discovered the circulation of blood in the body
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German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer comes up with the Laws of Planetary Motion
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The old hunting lodge was turned into the palatial royal residency we know today. The costs associated with its building strained the French economy
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War over England's government between the Parliamentarians and Royalists
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The sun king came into power beginning 'The age of Louis XIV'
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One of the more pessimistic figures of the Enlightenment, Hobbes wrote about how governments were there to protect people from themselves
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Following Cromwell's death, Charles II becomes King of England. The start of his rule marked 'The Restoration"
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His rule lasted from 1682 - 1725 and is credited with dragging Russia out of the mid-evil times
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An intellectual movement influenced by the rise of modern science and religious conflicts coming from the Reformation
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Sir Issac Newton publishes his Law of Universal Gravitation in Principia
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The overthrow of the monarchical government
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They allowed Parliament to have more power than them and even gave the people of England a Bill of Rights
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Another core figure in the Enlightenment, Locke came up with the right to life, liberty, and property
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Another core person in the Enlightenment, Montesquieu publishes The Spirit of Laws
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He increases his lands of Prussia by defeating the Austrians
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Furthering the Enlightenment, in The Social Contract, he writes about how government was a contract between the rulers and the people
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People invaded the French prison due to its symbolism of dictatorial rule
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Due to Robespierre
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One of the core people of the Enlightenment, Voltaire published Candide writing against prejudice, superstitions, and intolerance
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Worthy of note: he crowns himself
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Eugène Delacroix paints the iconic painting depicting events of the French Revolution