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The Italian renaissance was the 1st European renaissance. It was a period of great cultural change and achievement. It began in Italy in the 1300s and lasted until the 17th century. It centered in the city of Florence. This laid that groundwork for capitalism and banking.
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This was a series of conflicts lasting from 1337 to 1453 between England and France. Each fought for the throne, but eventually France won. Each side brought many other kingdoms into the war. Was considered the height of chivalry.
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The plague reached Sicily in October 1347 and rapidly spread all over the island. Two ships went to Italy, but one was expelled. From Italy the disease reached France, Spain, Portugal and England and later Germany. After Germany it spread to Norway, Bergen and Iceland. Finally it spread to Northwestern Russia.
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Joan was known as a saint within French and Romans. Although she was also known as a heroine by one side of the 100 year war, she was hated by the other. When She was captured and handed over to the English, she was found guilty and burned at the stake. She was only around 19 years old when this happened.
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Johannes Gutenburg had many financial misadventures before he invented the printing press. To keep investors interested in funding him he told them he would share a secret with them (which many speculate was the printing press, or the idea of it). Later on in 1444 he took a loan from his brother for the printing press. Finally in 1450 it was fully operational.
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Although no one truly knows who the painting is of, it is believed that it is Lisa Gherardini. Leonardo may have finished it in 1506, but he may have kept working on it until 1515. The painting is made of oil on whit poplar panel. The Mona Lisa is the most expensive painting in the world. It values around 100 million dollars.
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Michelangelo was issued to repaint the chapel by Pope Julius II. He finished it in 1512. Although Michelangelo painted the ceiling, he also painted some walls. Many people to this day stand in awe as they stare at the ceiling.
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"The Prince" was a book written by Niccolò Machiavelli. It was written in the 16th century. Many agree that his book was extremely innovative for its time. Some even claim that it is the 1st written example of modern philosophy.
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