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Began in northern italy.
Renaissance = Rebirth of classical ideas, art, and learning
New intellectual and artistic ideas that developed during the Renaissance marked the “birth” of the modern world -
Prince henry was also known as "Henry the Navigator".
Founded first school of navigation at Sagres, Portugal. -
Ottomans took over Constantinople and made it there capital, which made the Ottoman Empire a political and economic power.
Ended Byzantine empire. -
find a direct sea route to Asia by going around the world (Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria).
Reached Caribbeans.
Opened Americas for Spanish colonization. -
Invisible line splitting the atlantic ocean in two between spain and portugal.
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Most recognized painting in the world.
It has become an Icon of the Renaissance.
The Mona Lisa is the most famous painting in the history of art and continues to inspire oil painting reproductions, parody, scientific theory, and more. -
The Board of Works for the Cathedral of Florence commissioned Michelangelo to sculpt David from an enormous block of marble left over from another project.
It was to beautiful to put up high, so it was decided to built a base and place it in front of the main government building in florence -
Cornerstone work of High Renaissance art.
Michelangelo was actual suppose to not be able to do this painting and get discredited.
Miichelangelo painted the Sistine chapel and it was probably his greatest work of art. -
Pokes fun at greedy merchants, heartsick lovers, quarrelsome scholars, and pompous priests
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Polish scientist
heliocentric theory It said the sun was the center of the universe, not the earthHe published On the Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies -
Cortez had help from natives and more advanced technology.
Disease killed 24 million natives in central mexico. -
The spanish technology was greater than the incas.
They showed up right as the incas got done with a civil war and just got a new leader. -
Portrays the 44 BC conspiracy against the Roman dictator Julius Caesar.
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German scientistDiscovered the laws of planetary motion: Said mathematical laws govern planetary motion Said orbits were elliptical
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Italian scientistUsed the telescope to support the heliocentric theoryPublished his findings in Starry MessengerHis views went against the Church’s beliefsUnder threat of torture from the Church, he was forced to recant his beliefs
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Built by Shah Jahan to honor his wife
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Symbolized Louis XIV's great authority and power.
Meant to impress visitors, show his power, and arouse envy of other monarchs. -
Royalists (Cavaliers) v. Roundheads (Puritan supporters of Parliament)
Oliver Cromwell—leader of the RoundheadsCreated the New Model ArmyPromotions based on merit1646—Roundheads win1649—Cromwell had Charles I executed for treason -
english thinker
Ideas:-Humans are naturally evil-In the “state of nature”, life would be “nasty, brutish, and short”-So, people need a gov’t-The state must have central authority to manage behavior -
Charles’ sonParliament put him on the thrownHis rule is called the Restoration because it restored the monarchy
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English doctor that published On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals
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English scientistPublished Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
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Parliament invited William and Mary to replace James II for sake of ProtestantismWas bloodless revolution
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Said ruler couldn’t:levy taxes w/out Parliament’s consentinterfere with freedom of speech in Parliament
penalize a citizen who petitions the king about grievances -
English thinkerIdeas: -“Popular sovereignty”Gov’t’s power comes from the peoplePeople have “natural rights” to life, liberty, and propertyPurpose of gov’t is to protect these rightsif it doesn’t, people have right to overthrow it
Rulers aren’t chosen by GodFavored self-gov’t over monarchy -
He needed a port with access to Europe.
Wanted to be more like western Europe. -
French writer-Ideas:-Separation of powers:-dividing gov’t’s powers among 3 branches-Checks and balances:-the 3 branches can restrain each other
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-Swiss writer-Ideas:Social contract: free individuals agree to create a society and gov’t to protect their rights
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13 colonies won independence.
They did this because Navigation acts—restricted colonial trade,New taxes without representation in Parliament,Violence: Boston Massacre, Lexington and Concord,Result: the colonies win independence. -
-Based on Locke’s ideas-Argued for natural rights-Listed grievances as justification for revolution
