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Gun Powder Plot
The Gunpowder plot was a plot to basically blow the king up by Guy Fawkes and his conspirators because of the way the king was treated Catholics. The plan was that Guy and his men were going to 36 barrels of gunpowder in one of the cellars under the House of parliament. The King finds out about the plot the morning of Nov 5 and has his soldiers search the cellars where they find Guy Fawkes and arrest him. They tortured Guy and killed him. To this day Nov 5 is a holiday and is celebrated. -
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English Civil War
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Louis XIV becomes Frances ruler
Louis XIV becomes the ruler of France. He made his image as being a Sun god. Basically meaning "all light in France was created by him. he also created the Palace of Versailles. He also said, "L'etat, C'est Moi" which means I'm the State. He wanted to emphasize that if you hurt France you also hurt him or if you hurt him you hurt France. -
The Battle of Naseby
The Battle of Naseby is basically one of the most important battles in the English civil war. After 3yrs of fighting the New Model Army for parliament lead by Oliver Cromwell took on the Royalist army of King Charles, I comprising less than 9,000 men, in what would be the final key battle of the war. The Royalist military had decimated; the king had lost his best officers. Parliamentarian armies just wiped out the last of Royalist resistance. This ended the way and parliment won. -
Charles I Execution
The Roundheads found a stronger leader in Oliver Cromwell and won the Civil war. As a result, Oliver Cromwell beheaded Charles I. This was the first public execution of a king. -
Period: to
Enlightenment
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Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
Sir Issac Newton publishes his book that is considered one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution. His book Philosophie Naturalis Principia Mathematica "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", laid the basic foundations for classical mechanics. -
English Bill of Rights
This was an agreement between the Parliment and Kind William and Queen Mary. The passage basically said that Parliment was in control. The bill stated A frequently summoned Parliament and free election, freedom of speech in Parliament, can't be raised in peacetime, taxes can't be levied, laws can't be dispensed with, or suspended, without the consent of parliament.No excessive fines should impose, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. The days of absolute Rule in England were over. -
Volitaire Published "Candide"
This is Voltaire's most populart peice of work. The plot is about a man who starts life great but then runs into unfortunate events that show his optimism. It was banned because it insulted religions and political institutions. -
Joseph II Takes Power
Suprisingly and Austrailan emperor in 1764 becomes one of the best empoerors of his time. He gets rid of Executions and torture. And he created charity for the poor. He also makes sure they get equal pay for the work thatthey do. -
Louis XVI Becomes King
On May 10, 1774, Louis Auguste became Louis XVI, with the death of his grandfather Louis XV. Only 20 years old at the time, Louis XVI was immature and lacked self-confidence. In the early years of his reign, Louis XVI focused on religious uniformity and foreign policy. -
Australia: The Penal Colony
The first colony was established at Sydney by Captain Arthur Phillip. It was initially considered a penal colony because most of the initial settlers were criminals. Instead of sending people to jail the Brittan is would send people to the colony. Oftentimes, the crimes that people committed were small or even made up to get rid of unwanted citizens. Slowly, more and more of the settlers were not convicts. And it really picked up when people found out that there was gold and diamonds there. -
The General Estate
This was one of Frances big moves to address some of the major problems they were facing. Voting was conducted by the estates. Each estate had one vote. The first and second estate couldn't operate to try and stop the third state from having its way. The third estate demanded that voting is by population. This would give the third estate a great advantage over the others becausd they made up 90-07% of the population. -
The storming of Bastille
Bastille was a prison that wasn't actually used as a prison anymore except 7 prisoners. Tis was being used to sote gunpowder. French citizens attacked and took over bastille looking to gather gunpowder for their guns to defend themesleves. Bastille Day is on Juky 14. -
The Night session
The feudal regimine in France had been abolished. All Frenchmen were at lease in principle, subject to the same laws and the same taxes and eligible for the same offices. -Equality & Meritocracy. -
March of Women
A sointaneous demsonstration of Parisan women for bread. Turned into a march on the Palace of Varsailles, were the king was being held. The palace guards were overwhelmed. The king and his family forced were forced to come back to france. -
National Convention
It's the first act to formally abolish the royal monarchy. The year 1 of the French Republic. The Decree of Fraternity offered French assisatace to any subject pro;e who wished to overtheow their governments." When France sneezes Europe catches a cold". -
Napoleons First Consul
With the Government in disarray, Napoleon launched a successful coup d' Etat on November 9, 1799. He proclaimed himself " First Consul" and did away with the elected assembly appointing a Senate instead. In 1802 he made himself "consul for life". In 2 years he proclaimed himself emperor. -
Napoleon Crowned Emperor
Napoleon is crowned emperor of France by the Pope. Another popular story is that he crowned himself to show that he was above all power. -
Napoleons 3rd major mistake "THE INVASION OF RUSSIA
Russia avoided a direct confrontation with Napoleon. They retreated to moscow drwaling the French into the inteiror of Russia [ hoping the weather an size would play to their advantage against the French] The russian Nobles abandoned their setates and burned their crops to the ground, leaving the French to operate far from their supply bases in territory strippeed of food. Sep 14, 1812 Napoleon reacehed Moscow, but the city had largely been aboandonded. The russians had set the city on fire. -
The Locomotive
George Stephenson designed the steam locomotive. Overtime it make travel easier and much faster. It was also more convenient than riding a horse because it doesn't get tired. Also becomes good for trade and moving products. This was good for countries income. I also created new opportunity for businesses to sell their produces more widely. -
The abolition of slavery (Britain)
Slavery Abolition Act, (1833), in British history, act of Parliament that abolished slavery in most British colonies, freeing more than 800,000 enslaved Africans in the Caribbean and South Africa as well as a small number in Canada. It received Royal Assent on August 28, 1833, and took effect on August 1, 1834. -
Victoria Becomes Queen
Victoria Becomes Queen. -
The Chartist Movement 1
The Chartist movement contained 6 goals: • A vote for every man over 21 years of age• A secret ballot• No property qualification for Member of Parliament• Payment of Members of Parliament• Constituencies of equal size• Annually elected parliaments -
Chartist Movement 2
The "People's Charter" was drafted in 1838 by William Lovett. This was at the heart of a radical campaign for parliamentary reform of the inequities remaining after the Reform Act of 1832. The Chartists' six main demands were:votes for all men;equal electoral districts; abolition of the requirement that Members of Parliament be property owners; payment for M.P.s
annual general elections; and
the secret ballot. -
The OPIUM WAR
The First Opium War or the First Anglo-Chinese War was fought between the British East India Company and the Qing Dynasty of China from 1839 to 1842 with the aim of forcing China to allow free trade, particularly in opium. The Treaty of Nanjing, first of the unequal treaties, granted an indemnity to Britain, opening of five Treaty Ports, and the cession of Hong Kong Island, ending the monopoly of trading in the Canton System. The wars are often cited as the end of China's isolation. -
Victoria Gets Married
Queen Victoria gets married to her German cousin, Prince Albert. -
The Treaty of Nanjing
A Treaty signed that marked the end of the Opium War. Also forced China to lower Tariffs. ) was signed on 29 August 1842 to mark the end of the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Qing Dynasty of China. It was the first of what the Chinese called the unequal treaties because Britain had no obligations in return. -
The telegraph
Samuel Morse invents the telegraph. This invetion becomes the fastest means of communication. Which was very helpful during was etc. because then we could communicate with the our people without enemies understaning it. -
Morse Code
Samuel Morse invents Morse Code. This system of tones is used to turn the telegraph into an effective mode of communication. This is the language used to input messages into the telegraph -
Ireland: Potato Famine
The Irish Potato famine was an airborne disease. During the years of famine a little over a million people starved to death. People in Ireland exported through the famine for years. People also immigrated to American and other parts of Europe. -
Potato Famine
The Potato caused massive immigration. Because of how bad Ireland's crops were. Nearly one million people died from disease or the famine. -
The Ten Hour Act
This Act was passed to limit how many hours children and women could work. -
The Second Republic
Second Republic, French republic established after the Revolution of 1848 toppled the July monarchy of King Louis-Philippe. The liberal republicans' hopes of establishing an enduring democratic regime were soon frustrated. -
Coup'd Etat
Absolute monarchy is reestablished and the governments were allianced with the middle class and clergy and strengthened the police forces and organized a persecution. The led in the result of the Coup D'etat which was led against the assembly and Napoleon III. Also his plan to take over the government. -
The Sepoy Rebellion
In the 1850s, Britain controlled most of India. They treated the Indians as servants. When Sepoys, (Indian Soldiers), learned that cartridges for their rifles that were given to them by the British were greased with pork and beef fat, they refused to use them. As a result, the British imprisoned the Sepoys. The Indian people were outraged, and rebelled against the British, resulting in the Sepoy Rebellion. -
The Second Reform Bill
Second Reform Act gave vote to most male industrial workers, doubling the number of voters. -
Meiji Restoration
In the year 1868, Japan has responded towards Imperialism. In 1868 A group of samurai removed the Tokugawa Shogunate. The Tokugawa Shogunate at that time was the leading government at that time. It was overthrown and the samurai replaced it with the emperor. This was because they did not like Japan's old ways anymore. They wanted to become more westernized both socially and governmentally. -
Africa Under Full Control
By 1870, nearly 10% of Africa was under European control. By the 1900s, 90% of Africa was controlled by the Europeans. The main reason for this was because Europeans wanted a lot of Africa's natural resources like coal, metals, diamonds, and gold. -
Victoria named Empress of India
As the British expire continued its expansion. Queen Victoria was named Empress of India -
The Machine Gun
Richard Gatling patents his machine gun. Revolutionalizes war. This is literally something that changes the world forever. -
Berlin Conference
So many European countries were trying to take over Africa that there was a rising concern that it would result in conflict. To prevent European war, 14 European countries gathered at Berlin and split Africa up into areas which they could control without African consent. Another problem is the fact that none of the African locals were invited. But the main reason for all of this was so that Europeans could fairly divide Africa fairly between themselves. -
Indian Nation Congress
Indians hated a system that made them second-class citizens in their own country. Ram Mohun Roy, a modern-thinking, well-educated Indian, began a campaign to move India away from traditional practices and ideas. He believed that if the practices were not changed, India would continue to be controlled by outsiders. This is how the Indian National Congress was created. Its goal was to be independent of the British. -
The telephone
Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone. Makes long distance instant possible communication for the everyday person. -
Sion-Japanese War
Many countries had a intrest in Korea, a land near Japan. Japan did not want any westerners to be on Korea because it was so close to them, and because they wanted Korea's resource. In 1894 a rebellion broke out in Korea. Both China and Japan sent out troops to Korea. This turned into the Sino-Japanese war between China's large forces and Japan's modernized forces. In the end China had been defeated by Japan. -
Queen Victoria Dies
Queen Victoria dies. She had one of the longest reigns in history. The current longest is Queen Elizibeth. -
The FEB/MARCH-took Czar out of power
Citizens protesting in the streets of Petrograd, March 8,1917 Police refused to shoot rioters Government was helpless. Czar Nicholas ordered legislated to disband Citizens and Government refused to obey the Czar Forced to abdicate, March 15, 1917. -
Czar abdicted the Throne
After Rasputin’s death Czar Nicholas II abdicated the throne.Shortly after that the entire imperial family and several servants a friend and a doctor were taken hostage by the Bolsheviks.hey were moved from town to town over the Cayuse of the next year to avoid being rescued by the WHite army-the supporters of the czar. -
October REV
Conditions were Ideal for Lenin Armed Bolshevik factories workers. Kerensky's GOvernment collapsed nearly bloodless struggle. Lenin established radical Communist program. Made private ownership of land illegal LAN was given to the peasants. Control of factories were given to the workers Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Lenin sought to end. Russian Involvement in World War I Sent Leon Trotsky to negotiate with Central Powers. Russias army virtually powerless. -
Czar Is Killed
Nicholas II and his wife and the five children were tricked into going into the cellar of the house. The Bolsheviks lined up a firing squad and fired continually and brutally at them until they were dead, apparently using their bayonets on some of them who didn’t die quickly enough. They looted the bodies for hidden diamonds and Jewels in the women’s clothes.The Communism fell in 1991, more information about the family was discovered and their grave was located. -
Armistice
WWI saw Germany fight ,Britain, France, Russia, and the USA. A bad harvest, blockade of the country, and huge casualties had taken a big toll on the country.
In November 1918, Germany agreed to an armistice, believe in that they would be treated fairly. The German Kaiser left, and the Republic was established. -
Swastica
On August 7, 1920, at the Salzburg Congress, the red flag with a white circle and black swastika became the official emblem of the Nazi Party.
In Mein Kampf, Hitler described the Nazis' new flag: "In red we see the social idea of the movement, in white the nationalistic idea, in the swastika the mission of the struggle for the victory of the Aryan man, and, by the same token, the victory of the idea of creative work, which as such always has been and always will be anti-Semitic." -
Beer hall Putich
Beer hall Putich. Hitler held a rally in Munich beer hall and declared revolution. Led 2000 men in take over of Bavarian Government. It failed and Hitler was imprisoned -
Mein Kampf
Hitler’s book My Struggle - wrote while in jail. Sold 5 million copies, made him rich.Topics included:Jews were evil, Germans were superior race, Führer principal, dislike of Communism and Democracy and need to conquer Russia. -
Germany Invades Rhineland
Germany Invades the Rhineland. This is a Germany completely violating the treaty of Versailles. -
Hatred for Jews becomes more Violet
1938-Hatred of the Jews Becomes Violent. Nazis mounted more direct attacks on Jews anti-Jewish riots across Germany, Austria. Attack known as Kristallnacht, “Night of Broken Glass”. Nearly 100 Jews killed. Thousands of Jewish businesses, places of worship damaged, destroyed -
Germany invaded Poland
The invasion of poland is considered the start of the war because it had a war that escalated known as the Blitzkrieg [“Lightning War”]. -
Germany attacks Holland
German attacks on Holland, Belgium and France.‘No-confidence debate’ in the House of Commons causes Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to resign. The King asked Winston Churchill to form a new government. Chamberlain associated with defeat. Churchill had been the biggest critic of Hitler and the British policy of appeasement before the war. The German army moved swiftly across France and surrounded the British army sent there to help defend France. -
Disaster Dunkirk
Disaster in Dunkirk. The 330,000 soldiers of the B.E.F. (British Expeditionary Force) were surrounded by the German army at Dunkirk and had to escape by boat back home. Dunkirk was held for a vital few days to allow time for the British army to escape. -
Auschwitz
Stared operations in January 1940(POLAND). Hitler chose as the place for the final solution. Had 4 gas chambers?Creamatories by Mass killing with Zyklon B gas Commanded by Rudolph Hess. Recorded with 12,000 kills in one day -
Wannsee Conference
Reinhard Heydrich was ordered by Hermann. Goering to prepare a Final solution of the Jewish question. Meant killing all Jews. Heydrich organized am eating with 15 top Nazi officials in Berli -
V-J day
In 1945 the End of World War II was celebrated on Victory over Japan (VJ) Day. There was much joy and celebration around the world when on 15th August 1945 US President Harry S Truman declared the day as Victory over Japan Day, at a White House press conference. President Truman announced that the Japanese Government had agreed to comply in full with the Potsdam Declaration demanding the unconditional surrender of Japan.
