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King John signed the Magna Carta -
Jamestown's House of Burgesses -
Each charter guaranteed colonists the "rights of Englishmen." -
King Charles required to sign the Petition of Rights -
Extended conflict between Charles and parliament erupted into civil war -
Renewed conflicts and rebellion between the crown and parliament -
William and Mary chosen to rule, but had to govern according to statues of parliament -
Guaranteed freedom of speech and protection from cruel and unusual punishment -
British legislation aimed at ending the smuggling trade in sugar and molasses from the French and Dutch West Indies and at providing increased revenues to fund enlarged British Empire responsibilities following the French and Indian -
The stamp act was established -
British soldiers fired into crowd
5 colonists died -
Revolutionaries dumped British Tea into the harbor -
Colonists were forced to “Quarter,” or house, British troops -
Likely drawn from Virginia Declaration of Rights and inspired by John Locke
Blamed the King for a variety of issues in the Colonies
Signed by the delegates to the Second Continental Congress -
Delegates aimed to have a confederation in which colonies kept their “sovereignty, freedom, and independence.”
Ratification delayed by argument over who would control western lands -
Massachusetts farmers rebelled over prospect of losing land -
Established a plan for settling the Northwest Territory -
Drafting a new constitution -
Established a Three-tiered Judicial Structure -
Federalist Paper Gazette of United States was published -
Both state and national governments were equal authorities operating within their own spheres of influence
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Bill of Rights ratified
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They countered with National Gazette -
Power of judicial review -
allows the President to choose V.P -
The President chooses the Vice President -
Maryland taxed the national bank
Court ruled bank was necessary and proper
Maryland couldn’t tax bank b/c it could weaken the national government
"The power to tax is the power to destroy."
Effects of the Civil War -
Right of a state legislature to award a monopoly to operate a steamship line between NY and NJ
Court said only Congress has the right to regulate commerce between states -
Democratic-Republican party split into today’s two major parties—Democrats, Republicans -
Dred Scott was a slave who sued for his and his family's freedom after being taken to a free state
Court said that Scott, as an African-American and previously property, was not a citizen
Gave him no legal standing to sue
Called the “greatest disaster” of the Supreme Court -
Granted large tracts of land to states; states sold land and used money for colleges -
Ended Chinese immigration to the US -
Ruled segregation was legal as long as the facilities were equal
“Separate but equal” doctrine -
17th amendment -
Direct election of senators -
gave congress authority to set a federal income tax -
gave women the right to vote -
Native Americans were granted citizenship -
Total number of Reps fixed by law at 435 -
Ruled 2nd Amendment does not protect the right to have all types of weapons -
The Supreme Court ruled that a child could be expelled for refusing to salute the American flag or recite the pledge (these actions violated the child’s religious beliefs) -
FDR required all people of Japanese descent on the West Coast to report to "War Relocation Centers" (internment camps)
Women were not guaranteed the right to serve on a jury until the Civil Rights act of 1957. -
The court reversed itself and decided unity was not a sufficient reason to overrule religious beliefs. -
Upheld involuntary internment of ethnically Japanese American citizens
1950s to Present
Has reinforced gov't. protection of individual rights -
Brings together the top military, foreign affairs, and intelligence officials in administration -
Ruled segregation is illegal
"Separate is inherently unequal" -
Outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
Expanded rights of people accused of crimes
“Miranda Rights” -
Struck down all state laws banning interracial marriage -
Protects applicants and employees of 40+ years old from discrimination based on age in hiring, promotion, discharge, compensation, privileges, etc. of employment. -
Schools couldn’t prevent students from protesting the Vietnam War -
President must consult with Congress before sending troops Congress can force the president to end use of military with a concurrent resolution -
Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public. -
Congress gave states authority to manage welfare systems with block grants -
• Reorganization of agencies already in place
o Law enforcement
o Border security
o Transportation -
Ruled 2nd Amendment right to bear arms includes the right to self defense -
Ruled 2nd Amendment applies to federal, state, and local governments; upheld 2nd Amendment -
Ruled states must grant and recognize same-sex marriage
Republican presidents have appointed most of the Supreme Court justices since 1953. -
Court ruled a ban on immigration from majority-Muslim countries did not violate the Establishment Clause
