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Nationalists revolts spread across the region and Austria sent in troups to obliterate them.
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Nationalist leader, Mazzini, founded Young Italy which was a secret society.
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Mmazzini helped to set up a revolutionary Republic in Rome but French forces soon demolished it.
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Victor Emanuel II made Cavour his prime minister. Cabour was a monarchist who believed in Realpolitik. He made reforms in Sardinias economy.
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Sardinia joins Britain and France in the Crimean war against Russia. here they gained Napoleon III's attention.
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Cavour makes a secret deal with Napoleon III. He promised Sardinia that France would aid them in case of a was with Austria.
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Garibaldi got a force of 1,000 red shirted volunteers. Cavour provided weapons and ships that took the army of volunteers to Sicily. These forces won control of Sicily.
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During the Franco-Prussian war France was forced to withdraw its troops from Rome. This event united Italy for the first time sense the fall of the Roman Empire.