-
Democratic revolutions broke out over Europe
-
A combined French Saridian army won two quick victories against Austria.
-
A small army of Italian nationalist, led by Giuseppe Garibaldi captured Sicily
-
A plebiscite determined the incorporation into the kingdom of Sardinia of the states of Parma, Modena, and Tuscany.
-
A parliament of all Italy except Rome and Venetia agreed on Unifying Italy with Victor Emmanuel
-
An alliance between Austria and Prussia
-
Italy joined Prussia in a war against Austria
-
War against Denmark to win two borders: Schleswig and Holstein
-
Seven weeks War:
Bismarck border conflicts with Austria over Schleswig and Holstein -
Prussia take control of northern Germany
-
A few Southern German states remained independent of Prussia.
-
French troops withdrew from Rome so they could be used to defend France against Prussia
-
The Franco- Prussian War
-
Wilhelm, I is crowned at the Palace of Versailles
-
Austria declared war on Prussia because of the tension