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A period of anarchy known as the Time of Troubles.
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Russia was going through troubled times. This ended when the national assembly, chose Michael Romanov as the new czar in 1613.
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One of its most prominent members was Peter the Great. Peter the Great became czar in 1689.
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A long and hard-fought war with Sweden enabled Peter to acquire the lands he sought. On a marshland on the Baltic in 1703, Peter began the construction of a new city, St. Petersburg.
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Under Peter, Russia became a great military power. By his death in 1725, Russia was an important European state.
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The Romanov dynasty ended.