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After years of attacks and getting weaker and weaker, the last emperor of the Western Roman Empire was overthrown by a Gothic chief, and the Eastern Empire was now the Byzantine Empire.
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Caliph Abu Bakr declared war on the Byzantine empire, and later, Umar declared war on the Sassanid Empire. By 750, the Islamic Empire had territory from the Atlantic to India, including North Africa, Spain, and more. The Umayyad Dynasty was also overthrown by the Abbasid Dynasty.
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Roger Bacon was an English scientist who believed in using the scientific method to prove observations, instead of faith. He was the first scientist to have this thinking and was very influential.
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In the years that the Black Death epidemic was spreading, it killed as many as 200 million people.
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Johannes Gutenberg invents the first printing press that allows for widespread production of books in a quicker amount of time.
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Even though the English army had defeated the French in battles like the Battle of Agincourt, the French were able to drive the English out of France, which won them the war.
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The Inquisition was made to punish protestants and those who weren't faithful to Catholicism. The most famous was the Spanish Inquisition.
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Christopher Columbus along with his crew land in the Caribbean, which starts the conquering of the Americas.
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One of the greatest sculptor and artist Michelangelo completes the Sistine Chapel Ceiling which tells the story of multiple biblical stories on the massive canvas of the Sistine Chapel.
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Machiavelli writes his controversial book, "The Prince", which talks about how to keep power, one way or the other. This book is still used today.
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Leonardo Da Vinci finishes the portrait of Lisa Gherardini del Giocondo which was started in 1503. It is one of the most famous paintings of all time.
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After the Monk Martin Luther creates the 95 Theses' which went against how the Catholic Church was run, he was put in front of the Diet of Worms. Luther's ideas started the Protestant Reformation, and started a new religion.
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After exploring Mexico and being asked to leave by the Aztec king Montezuma II, Cortes declares war on the empire and Spain takes over the Aztec Empire.
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Nicolaus Copernicus is one of the first scientists to come up with the theory of a heliocentric solar system, which influenced later great scientists.
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The most influential writer of the Renaissance, William Shakespeare, writes his most popular play.
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After proving that the sun was in the center of the solar system and the Earth orbits around it, not the church's idea that the Earth is in the center, he is put on trial where he takes back his word.
