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When Abraham led the Hebrews away from Mesopotamia. This event begins the Hebrew Bible giving them their first piece of identity.
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It was the first time that law was written out. This allowed for the law to be the same throughout the kingdom.
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The Phoenicians created the first syllabic alphabet. This made it much easier for the everyday peasant to be literate.
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After the Hebrews escape their enslavement in Egypt they go and settle in Israel creating the Kingdoms of Isreal and Judah.
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This period led to the end of all of the major empires in the bronze of which many would not recover. This would change the geopolitical dynamic of the known world up to that point.
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The first time iron tools were first used for both agricultural and military means.
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The Assyrian Kingdom conquers Mesopitama and Caanan. Here they will begin to oppress contoured peoples for the first time in history.
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The Kingdom of Lydia used lumps of gold and silver that had the same weight as currency. They would refer to this currency as shekels.
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With the fall of the Assyrian Empire, there is a large power vacuum that is left in Messopimia, Caanan, and Egyptian regions.
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This ends Mesopotamian dominance as they will no longer be a major player in geopolitics. King Cyrus the Great of Persia also lets all enslaved people of Babylon return home, which leads to the Hebrews to beginning the Jewish diaspora.