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1436
Gutenberg Printing Press Invented (Reformation)
The printing allowed for the automation of book making. This made Luther's message spread because books were cheap and the literacy rates were high. -
Nov 13, 1460
Prince Henry the Navigator Died (Age of Exploration)
In his life he paid for many expeditions to be done on the west coast of Africa. This eventually led to Vasco da Gama to reach Melaka and make Portugal crazy rich. Upon his death he had kickstarted the age of exploration. -
Period: Oct 27, 1469 to Jul 12, 1536
Desiderius Erasmus(Reformation)
He was one of the first people to start preaching about reforming the catholic church. His teaching helped inspire Martin Luther who brought a lot of religious change to Europe. -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus Explores America (Age of Exploration)
He sailed across the world discovering America for Europe. This realization that there was two new continents sent Europe into a colonization frenzy. This also caused Europe to gain a lot of wealth and changed the power balance. -
Jun 7, 1494
Treaty of Tordesillas (Age of Exploration)
Treaty that the Pope helped negotiate the treaty that divide land between Portugal and Spain. This treaty kept the peace between the two most power Catholic countries. however it limited the economy of both because they could not double dip. -
Period: Feb 24, 1500 to Sep 21, 1558
Charles V(Reformation)
Charles V was the King of Spain and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. He separates the crown giving his son less power. He went to wars and fought very hard to keep Spain catholic which a trait he passed to his son. -
Oct 11, 1503
Vasco da Gama Returns (Age of Exploration)
Vasco da Gama returns with two ships from Melaka. This brought Portugal to incredible wealth sending the other countries into panic trying to catch up. -
Oct 31, 1517
95 Theses (Reformation)
It was a document posted on the church door saying that church needs to change. This started the protestant reformation and religious change in Europe later causing wars. -
1519
Cortez conquers the Aztecs(Age of Exploration)
The Aztecs land goes to Spain as they betray the people who helped them and get violently sick. The gold from the Aztecs helps fund the Spanish Armada which is one the largest events in history. -
1521
Diet of Worms(Reformation)
The church called Luther to worms to put him on trial. This results in the church getting embarrassed by him and this make his beliefs appeal to others. -
Sep 6, 1522
Magellan Voyage is Completed (Age of Exploration)
Magellan circumnavigates the world exploring all area and writing their findings. This proves that the scientist were right and the world is now known to not be flat. It also angers Portugal because now they know that they got cheated with line of demarcation because Spain got a lot of land. -
Period: May 21, 1527 to
King Phillip II (Age of Absolutism)
King Phillip II was the King of Spain nad was married to Mary I. He constructed the Spanish Armada which crippled Spain's economy and destroyed their military. He also led the Spanish Inquisition to make the country more catholic which consolidated the power. -
1534
Henry VIII leaves the Catholic Church(Reformation)
Henry leaves the Church and forms the Church of England to divorce his wife. This caused tensions between England and Spain which eventually led to the Spanish Armada. -
1541
John Calvin Begins Preaching to his Followers(Reformation)
John Calvin begins preaching Calvinism and creates a new major religion. This causes seven civil wars in France and one war in England. -
Period: 1545 to
Counter Reformation (Reformation)
Pope Paul III was losing believers so he began an attempt to bring people back. This led to the Spanish Inquisition and the French Inquisition which both created a lot chaos and people becoming Catholic again. -
Jun 17, 1553
Mary I the started her reign of England(Reformation)
She was Henry VIII oldest daughter who made England catholic again. This act eventually led to issues when Elizabeth made it Anglican again. This caused her to make England have religious tolerance. -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg (Reformation)
The Peace of Augsburg grant each prince the right to choose their land's religion. This created an era that created religious freedom which let Calvinism stay in the Holy Roman Empire while it grows. -
1568
Eighty Years War Starts (Age of Absolutism)
Eighty Years War led Netherlands to start a revolution. This war made English and Spanish tensions grow leading to the Spanish Armada. Netherlands also went and created the Dutch East India Company which took a lot of money away from the Catholics. This eventually also led to them being chosen for the Glorious Revolution. -
Spanish Armada (Age of Absolutism)
King Phillip II decide to launch an invasion of England, but it failed. The fleet got destroyed which caused religious crisis. This made the signing of Edict of Nantes possible because the protestant were not punished and Spain was in ruins. -
Edict of Nantes signed (Age of Absolutism)
The Edict of Nantes is the peace treaty after the fourth civil war that grants a lot of power back to Huguenots. This creates peace in France and centralize the power until Louis is able to easily destroy it. -
Dutch East India Company Formed (Age of Exploration)
They were richest trading company that ever existed and brought crazy wealth to Netherlands. Since they were Calvinist they did not force they workers to become christian this led them to stop working with Portugal which took them out of the picture. -
France Establish First North American Colony (Age of Exploration)
France established a colony in Canada. This grants them a fur monopoly which is one of the ways they did not go to shambles after Louis XIV. -
Stuarts Family Takes English Throne (Age of Absolutism)
The Stuarts were the royal family of England that began with James I and ended with James II. The family had many clashes with Parliament because of their belief in divine right. They had caused a civil war and had ended the monarchy at one point. -
England Makes an American Colony (Age of Exploration)
England lands in Virginia and creates a colonies all along the east coast. This eventually leads England to be the richest and most powerful country in the world. -
Period: to
King Louis XIV (Age of Absolutism)
Louis XIV was the King of France who consolidate the power substantially. He made France's power all belong to the king making nobles his puppets. He also spent crazy amounts of money which put France into debt, and he went to wars making other countries resent France. -
Root and Branch Signed (Age of Absolutism)
The root and branch was a agreement that let parliament assemble every three years, disassemble themselves, and approve taxation. This document eventually led to the English Civil War when Charles I sent troops into Parliament. -
Restoration (Age of Absolutism
The monarchy is reinstated in England. The relaxation of the rules creates a gambling addiction for fifty years and ends the tyranny of Oliver Cromwell. This also bring England back to Anglicanism from Calvinism. -
Period: to
Jean-Baptiste Colbert is Finance Minister of France (Age of Abosolutism)
Colbert was a strict mercantilist who served as the minister of finance for Louis XIV. He kept France from falling to economic pieces while he was minister even though Louis XIV was recklessly spending money. -
Glorious Revolution Begins (Age of Absolutism)
Parliaments invites William and Mary to rule England. This makes England Calvinist and gets rid of the Catholic king no one wanted ending the Stuart Family reign.