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The Neolithic Revolution happened 12,000 years ago. It was the change from the people being hunters and gathers, to settling in villages and farming developed.
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They emerged 250,000 years ago and 100,000 years ago. They developed after the Homo eructus disappeared. Homo sapiens are the modern humans today.
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Archeologists believe that the first stone tools were created about 2.6 millions years ago. Archeologists have not figured out which group of hominids made them.
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The first bones that they discovered dated back to 2 million years ago. They then later found bones from 3 million years, they had enough of those bones to put together a full skeleton which they named Lucy.
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The first civilization in South Asia is cloaked in mystery. It emerged in the valleys of the Indus River and the now dried up Saraswati River in present-day Pakistan and India. Although it originated earlier, Indus Valley civilization flourished from about 2500 b.c.,to about 1800 b.c.. Its once-prosperous cities were only rediscovered in the 1920s, unearthed by archaeologists’ picks and shovels.
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The Shang capital at Anyang was a walled city. From there, the Shang controlled the North China plain and fought off nomads from the northern steppes and deserts. Shang kings probably controlled only a small area. Princes and nobles loyal to the Shang dynasty governed most of the land. The majority of people in Shang China were peasants. They clustered together in farming villages. Many lived in thatch-roofed pit houses whose earthen floors were dug several feet below the surrounding ground.
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Chinese history began in the Huang River valley, where Neolithic people learned to farm. As in other places, the need to control the flow of the river through large water projects probably led to the rise of a strong central government. In time, the small farming villages gave rise to ancient Chinese civilization, sometimes called the Yellow River civilization.
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Many people consider the Olmec the first American civilization. It emerged in the coastal areas along the Gulf of Mexico.
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According to tradition, he belonged to a noble but poor family. Unable to find a permanent government position, he turned to teaching. Confucius took little interest in spiritual matters such as salvation. Instead, he developed a philosophy, or system of ideas, that was concerned with worldly goals, especially those of ensuring social order and good government.
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In 221 B.C., the ruler of Qin proclaimed himself Shi Huangdi. His methods were brutal but he set up patterns that shaped future Chinese civilization. Shi Huangdi centralized power with the help of Legalist advisers. Shi Huangdi’s most remarkable and costly achievement was the Great Wall. Shi Huangdi thought his empire would last forever. But when he died in 210 B.C., anger over heavy taxes, forced labor, and cruel policies exploded into revolts leading to the Qin dynasty's demise.
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This was an alliance of five Iroquois groups included the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca. They were known as the Five Nations. This was created to keep peace between the tribes.
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Gupta dynasty again united much of India. Under the Guptas, who ruled from a.d. 320 Gupta emperors organized a strong central government that promoted peace and prosperity.
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The Maya cities that developed before and during the Classic Period never formed an empire. Instead, individual and powerful city-states evolved. The smaller city-states ruled over the people living directly within and near their borders.
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According to the Aztecs, the gods had told the Aztecs to search for an eagle holding a snake in its beak and perching on top of a cactus. When they saw this sign, they would know where to build their capital.
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Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui was a skilled warrior growing up. He expanded the Inca empire to what is now Peru and Equador. His capital was Cuzco, and he is credited with developing its city plan.
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Siddhartha Gautama founded a new religion, Buddhism. His teachings eventually spread across Asia to become the core beliefs of one of the world’s most influential religions.
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Unlike most major religions, Hinduism has no single founder and no single sacred text. It evolved over 3,500 years and grew out of the overlapping beliefs of the diverse groups who settled India. Later people who migrated into South Asia brought other gods, beliefs, and practices. As a result, Hinduism became one of the world’s most complex religions, with countless gods and goddesses and many forms of worship.