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he declared russia independent from mongol rule
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he killed many people so was known as ivan the terible. he also murderd his own son with an iron pole. ivan had secret police that killed people that opposed ivan. he was also the first czar of russia.
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he wanted a warm water port city to have the capital. st ptersburg opened up trade with the rest of europe.
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he was defeted by the climate and the constant attacks
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serfs were poor muslims. they were basicly slaves because they could be bought and sold along with land. alexander 2 freed them from their slavery, but that did not save them from poverty.
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they sufferd millions of casualtys
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riots, food shortages and protests sparked a revolution. bolsheviks forced czar nicholas II from the throne. lenin and the bolseviks soon completly overthrough the themporary government and made a communist state. lenin was the first leader of the USSR
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he was a hersh dictator that sent many russians to the gulag. he was ruler during WWII
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he made glasnot
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rebelion and unrest make it collapse.
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hard line communists tried to overthrow lenin.
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the nordic vikings wanted a trade post. so they sailed south from norway and sweden. novgorod, the city that they created ws called novgorod.
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they made a trade post to connect constantinople and western eroupe. the city was called kiev and the country, keiven rus.
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missionarys came from greece to spread orthodox religion. the russians accepted.