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Dorians and Ionians make up most of what is now Greece.
Sparta was founded by Dorians and Athens was created by Ionians. Prior to this the Minoans ruled from ~2600 BCE to ~1250 BCE, and the Mycenaeans ruled from ~2000 BCE to 1100 BCE. -
During the early days of Athens, they were ruled by a king or basileus. This period lasted roughly 150 years.
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Author of the The Iliad and The Odyssey. The first "Greek" author/poet. Exact dating of lifespan is unclear, but looks to be somewhere in the 8th century bce.
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As the nobles became more powerful during the monarchy rule, they began meeting regularly. This brought the beginning of oligarchy rule by a group known as the Areopagus. The decline of the rule was noted by the hardship of the lower class wheat farmers, who had to sell their wives and children into slavery to pay debts.
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This is not the oppressive tyranny we think of today. This rule came from rioting of the lower class and instability of the city-state.
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After becoming the tyrant,he went on to reform the nations through laws, debt help, and new governing groups. these reforms planted the seeds for democracy.
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The people agree hat he should rule them.
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This is a guess of his year of birth. Most data shows he lived for 81 years, but his rule did not end until 510 BCE.
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During his rule, he shifted the power from the nobles class more to the lower class citizens.
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After multiple rulers, some even from Sparta, Cleisthenes comes to power. One of his biggest contributions was the expansion of eligibility of citizenship.
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Ionian Greeks with the help of Athens rebel against Persian rule,thus stating the wars.
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The Ionians and Dorians unite to confront the Persian army looking to invade their lands. Lead to an initial unity between the city-states that prior did not cooperated for much known as the Delian League.
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Pericles was born.
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He was a prominent leader in what is known as the Golden Age of Athens. He was credited with the construction of the Parthenon as well as other monuments. His policies and strategies would help in the Pelopennesian War even after his death.
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The battle Won by the Greeks over the Persians who tried to invade Attica. After the war, a man ran to the next town, 26.1 miles, to tell them of the victory were he collapsed dead.
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The city-states unite to face Xerxes who is invading with 500 ships and a quarter of a million troops.
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The Spartans took 300 men to fight the Persian forces and due to brilliant tactical positioning, they held them off for three days before being defeated.
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With the assistance of the naval expertise of the Athenians, the Delian League won this naval battle despite being outnumbered.
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After the loss at Salamis, Xerxes looked to Plataea to defeat the Greeks on land. He was mistaken and lost the battle. This would be the last battle of the war, and would eventually to a prosperous period for the Greeks.
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Believed in the the individual as being rational.
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With the seeds sown by the tyrants, democracy finally takes hold as literally governing for the people by the people
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Basically a civil war between the Athens and the Saprtans (and their allies).
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Believed that reality and this world were not the same and independent of one another.
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Started schools rather than tutoring individuals
