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Britian became angry when James Madison was elected president. Britian then gave weapons to the Native Americans in the Northwest. Americans then became angry. America resented Britian's impressment of American sailors.
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Henry Clay of Kentucky and John C. Calhaun of South Carolina became leaders in the House of Representatives. Then and their supporters were called War Hawks. A War Hawk is a person eager for war with Britian. British believed that War with Britian would hurt American trade.
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Britian told the United States they would continue impressing sailors. The Native Americans began attacking new frontier settlments. This leads to the Congress declaring war on Britian.
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Britian is still in war with Europe. The British are not willing to meet American demands to avoid war. Providing Native Americans with support was a way of protecting Canada against an American invasion.
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America was confident that they would win the war with Britian. The, they realized, they were not ready to fight. Jefferson's cuts on the military had weakend it's strength. The American Navy only has 16 warships ready to fight. The army was fewer than 7,000 men.
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Britian set a blockade on American ports. A blockade is the action of shutting a port or road to prevent people and supplies from entering and exiting. Britian had 135 warships blocking the American ports. They were able to close all ports ny the end of the war.
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War Hawks demanded an invasion of Canada. They expected Canada would welcome the chance to throw off British rule. American troops under General William Hull, invaded Canada, then retreated due to lack of soldiers. British General Isaac Brock, surrounded Hull and his army, with the British and Native Americans.
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At the beginning or the war, the USS Constitution defeated the British Warship, Guerriere, in a fierce battle. According to tradition, old sailors nick-named the USS Constitution "Old Ironsides" because British ships fired and what the shot, bounced off the ship's thick, wooden hull. Everyone thought it was made of iron.
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Americans were aware of the importance of controlling the lake, so were the British. This battle was 3 hours at the Put-In-Bay, the west part of the lake. The American flagship was badly damaged. Oliver Perry, an American, switched to another ship, until the battle was over.
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Creek warriors attacked Native Americans. Andrew Jackson took command. Jackson defeated the Creek warriors, earning 1,000,000 acres of land.
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Using strategy, Britian attacked. Polley Madison and other people in the White House, fled. Britian set fire to the White House. Then, Britian moved to Baltimore, and bombarded Fort McHenry.
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The Star Spangled Banner became the United State's national anthem. Fransis Scott Key, wrote it is a poem during the bombarding by the British at Fort McHenry.
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The Hardford Convention was a series of meetings in Hardford, Conneticut.
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Britian was tired of war with America. People strated talking about peace is Ghent, Belgium. On Christmas Eve, the two sides fighting signed the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war. Things returned to the way the were before the war.
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This is the final major battle of the War of 1812. America that was lead by Andrew Jackson defeated Britian, under General Edward Rakenham. They siezed. America had won the war.
