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President Maddison helped to write the Constitution and help pass the Bill of Rights. He has hoped to keep the United States out of war.
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War Hawks are those who are eager for war with Britain.
New England would beileve war with Britain would effect trade.
Henry Clay and John . Calhoun were War Hawks. -
In the spring, Brirish told the United states that they would keep impressing sailors. Native Americans in the Northwest began new attacks on frontier settlements. The war came at a bad time for British who were still in war with Europe.
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In 1811 United states and Britain drfted closer to war. To prevent Americans from trading with France , British war ships blockaded some American ports. British were still in war when this happened.
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The American declaration of war took the British by surprise. Because Jefferson beileved in a small federal government and he had reduced spending on defense. That is why Unied States is not ready for war. Also a few officer new a little about military work.
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In the first days of war, British set up a blockade of the american coast. By 1814 the British navy had 135 war ships blockadeing American Ports. The British were able to clse off all american ports by wars end.
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Even before the war began war hawks were demanding an invasion of Canada. In july 1812, General Williams Hull Canada from Detroit. Hull was afraid he didnt have enough troops and soon retreated.
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The USS Constitution defeated the British war ships Guerier in a fierce battle. American sailors nick named the constitution "Old Ironsides" because British artillery fire bounced off the ships thick Hull.
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Americans set out to win control of Lake Erie. Captain Oliver Hazard Perry built his own ship to head out to Lake Erie. He sailed his tiny fleet against the British. During this battle, the British battered Perry`s own ship and left it helpless. Perry took his flag down and moved to another ship.
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The Native Americans lost control of Lake Erie. The British and his ally (Tecumseh) retreated from Detroit into Canada. Genaeral William and Henry Harrison a vetran of tippe canoe pursued them. The Americans won a decisive victory at The Battle of Thames. During the battle Tecumseh died.
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Tecumseh allies continued in the south fighting against the settlers. Andrew Jackson (a Tenesse officer) took command of American troops in the creek war. In 1814,with the help of the Cherokees, Jackson won a cushing victory at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend
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The new British stragedy was to attack the nations capital, Washington D.C. August 1814, British force marched into the city. Dolley Madison gathered up important papers and fled the white house. The British set fire several government buildings including the White House. Americans were shocked that they could not defend Washington.
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The British moved on to Baltimore after defeating Washington. Their first objective was Fort McHenry, which defended citys harbor. Francis Scott Key watched the attack. At dawn Key saw the American flag still standing.
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Francis Scott Key Key wrote a poem on the back of an old envelope. Key wrote a poem called "The Star Spangled Banner".It told the story of his nights watched.
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A group of federalist met in Hartford, Conneticut. With the war over the Hartford Convention quicly ended.
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By 1814, Britain had gotten tired of war. On christmas eve 1814 the two sides sighned the Treaty of Ghent. The Treaty of Ghent ended the war.
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British prepared to attack the New Orleans. Andrew Jackson was waiting for the British. Jackson has turned his frontier into strong army. More than 2,000 British died.
