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Marxists revolutionaries disagree over revolutionary tactics. The more radical Bolsheviks are ready to risk everything. The charismatic Vladimir Lenin becomes the leader.
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After Russia and Japan competed for control of Korea and Manchuria, the two nations signed a series of agreements over the territories. But, Russia broke the agreements. As a result, Japan retaliated by attacking the Russians at Port Arthur.
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About 200,000 workers and their families approached the Czar's Winter Palace carrying a petition asking for better working conditions, more freedom, and an elected national legislature. The Czar's generals ordered soldiers to fire on the crowd and many were killed and injured, thus earning that day the name "Bloody Sunday".
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A wave of strikes and violence provoked by Bloody Sunday caused Nicholas to approve the creation of the first Russian parliament, the Duma. They first met in May 1906.
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Nicholas ll decided to drag Russia into World War l which would result in lots of defeat for the Russian army versus the Germans. Their defeat showed the weaknesses of Czarist rule.
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Woman textile workers went on a strike, starting riots over the involvement of the war-at first soldiers obeyed orders to shoot the rioters. But, later, the soldiers sided with them.
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Armed factory workers stormed the winter palace in Petrograd. They called themselves the Bolshevik Red Guards. The Bolshevik Red Guards took over government offices and arrested the leaders of the provisional government.
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Russia and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk where Russia surrended a large part of their land to Germany due to their losses against the German army in war.
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Several western nations, including the U.S., sent military aid and forces to Russia to help the white army. But, they were little help.
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The Goverment reforms under the NEP changed the Russian government to small-scale capitalism.
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Stalin, as general secretary of the Communist party, worked behind the scenes to move his supporters to positions of power. This would help him to rise to power in the future.
