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Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a new government led by Kerensky was established.
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The communists, led by Lenin, led a revolution which quickly spread to Moscow.
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At Brest-Litovsk in early 1918, Russia signed a peace treaty with the Germans and left the First World War.
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Between 1918-20, there was a civil war in Russia, between the Reds (communists) and the Whites (anti-communists). The Reds won.
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The Communists founded the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics),
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Lenin died in 1924, two years after the establishment of the USSR.
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Staline defeated his main rival, Trotsky, and became the heir to Lenin.
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In 1928, Staline decided to make the USSR into a great industrial state and to establish an egalitarian society. All industries became state owned and controlled.
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Stalin carried out the Purges. The State Police (NKVD) acted against important Communist Party officials and officers of the Red Army whom he suspected of plotting against him.
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