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3500 BCE
Appearance of writing
The history of humanity began as such with the creation and development of writing, thus guaranteeing the conservation of events (record). It emerged in the region of Sumeria, in Mesopotamia (Middle East), around the end of the fourth millennium BC. C. Known today as cuneiform writing.
It was originally a pictographic writing -
Period: 3500 BCE to 476
Ancient History
During this period, the first centralized States appeared, writing was invented, different political systems were developed that continue to exist to this day (such as monarchy and democracy), currency was created as a fundamental element for commerce, and hundreds were devised. of technical advances that allowed the economic and cultural development of humanity. -
Period: 2500 BCE to 3500 BCE
Prehistory
It was an extensive era whose origin dates back to the oldest vestiges of hunting tools made of stone, then continued with the evolution of the human species that learned to plant crops and practice agriculture, until the formation of towns and city-states with their own religious norms and rites, before the writing system was invented. -
499 BCE
The medical wars
This series of conflicts between the Greek polis (city-states) and the Persian Empire (Achaemenid dynasty) at the beginning of the 5th century BC. C., are considered the most important and decisive wars of the classical world. -
264 BCE
The Punic Wars
Like the Persian Wars, those known as the Punic Wars were a series of armed conflicts that pitted Rome and Carthage, two important powers of Antiquity, over a period of more than 100 years. -
476
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
This is the date where the beginning of the Middle Ages is usually placed. On September 4, 476, Odoacer, a Germanic leader, deposed Romulus Augustulus, the last emperor of Rome. This culminated an entire process of several centuries in which the Empire had already entered into decline. -
Period: 476 to 1453
The Middle Ages
This periodization corresponds to studies on Western history, focused on the development of Western European culture. Traditionally, the Middle Ages were considered a time of religious oppression and restriction of culture, science and knowledge. However, different current academic studies qualify this vision and propose a deeper and more complex explanation of the period. -
800
Carlomagno
The fame achieved by Charles Martel will help his son, Pepin the Short, to become king of the Franks. But the one who really stood out was his grandson, Charlemagne, who promoted a series of reforms of great importance for Europe. It expanded its area of influence throughout much of Western Europe and together with the Church carried out what would be known as the Carolingian Renaissance. -
Period: 1453 to
The Modern Age
During the Modern Age, political, economic and social transformations occurred that differentiated European societies from their medieval predecessors. In this period, the power of centralized monarchies was consolidated and, during the following centuries, they became the main nations of Europe. Its enrichment allowed the exploration of other territories and the reactivation of trade routes that connected the continent with the rest of the world. -
Period: to
The Contemporany Age
Since the beginning of the 19th century, colonial American societies fought for their independence, which they achieved in almost the entire continent. The new Latin American nations consolidated themselves as independent states through wars, periods of political instability and authoritarian regimes.