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The Russian Revolution of 1905
Was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through vast areas of the Russian Empire, some of which was directed at the government. The 1905 revolution was spurred by the Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese war. Following the Revolution of 1905, the Tsar made last attempts to save his regime, and offered reforms. These reforms were outlined in a precursor to the Constitution of 1906 known as the October Manifesto which created the Imperial Duma. -
Russia in the First World War
The economic tension increased with the participation of Russia in the first World War. Nicolas II was declared responsible for the defeats on the front and the economic crisis. Also, it was believed that the Tsar's wife was allied with Germany because she had germany ancestry. -
February Revolution
In Petrograd (Saint Petersburg) the then-capital of Russia, where long-standing discontent with the monarchy erupted into mass protests against food rationing. Revolutionary activity lasted about eight days, involving violent armed clashes with police and gendarmes, the last loyal forces of the Russian monarchy. On 27 March, mutinous Russian Army forces sided with the revolutionaries. -
The Soviet
A group of people gathered in the Tauride palace in search of leaders, that is how the workers council known as the Soviet emerged. Most of the leaders of the Petrograd Soviet did not seek power, but wanted to build a government following the doctrine of Karl Marx. -
Provisional Government
A provisional government was established, and the Soviet promised to support it if they adhered to democratic principles. The leaders of this provisional government create a liberal rights program. The Soviet was more radical than the provisional government, but supported his decision to continue in the first World War. -
The abdication of Nicholas II
On 3 March of 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated, ending the Romanov dynastic rule and the Russian Empire. A Russian Provisional Government under Prince Georgy Lvov replaced the Council of Ministers of Russia. Six days later, was reunited with his family at the Alexander Palace at Tsarskoye Selo. He was placed under house arrest with his family by the Provisional Government. -
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Lenin considered that the actions of the provisional government had made Russia the freest country. Lenin had been in exile in Switzerland for 16 years, and returned to Petrograd on a train provided by Germany, which he hoped his opposition to the war would be sufficient to weaken Russian participation in the conflict. Lenin arrived in Petrograd with a plan for a second revolution to empower the Soviets. -
Russia's defeat in the front
The success of Russia in the front would demonstrate for the provisional government the preservation of the state. Russia launched a new strategy, during the first 2 days they managed to drop, but on the third day they were surprised by a German attack, where 400,000 Russian soldiers died. So on July 4, soldiers and members of the Russian navy rebelled against the government, and were joined by Bolshevik leaders. But government troops fired on the protesters, and Lenin escaped to Finland. -
Aleksandr Kérenski
The provisional government placed Alexander Kerensky as the new prime minister, they believed that he was the only one who would save Russia from anarchy. But in power, his policies became more totalitarian. -
Coup attempt
General Kornilov attempted to replace Kerensky with a military dictatorship. But Kerensky sent soldiers to Petrograd to re-establish order, and asked the Bolsheviks for help in defending the city against Kerensky. Finally the Soviet revolutionaries managed to stop Kornilov's soldiers. Later, he was declared a traitor and was locked up with 30 other officers. -
October Revolution
Lenin returned to Petrograd on October 10 and called a meeting of the members of his party to plan a revolt. The date for it was October 25, because the Congress of the Soviets was postponed to that date. On the night of October 25 the Bolsheviks and Red Guards entered the Winter Palace. Kerenski fled, but many ministers were captured. After this, the Bolsheviks took power. The congress established a new government made up of Bolsheviks, with Lenin as president. -
Execution of the Romanov family
The Russian Imperial Romanov family (Emperor Nicholas II, his wife Empress Alexandra and their five children Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia, and Alexei) , according to the conclusion of the investigator Sokolov, were shot and bayoneted to death in Yekaterinburg. According to the official state version in the USSR, former Tsar Nicholas Romanov, along with members of his family, was executed by firing squad -
Fundation of the USSR
On December 30, 1922 the Soviet Union was created.
