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The history that AI has been developing on.
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The first electronic computer, ENIAL (electric numerator integrator and computer) was created.
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Symbolic artificial intelligence began as a specific field of study.
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The turing test was proposed by Alan Turing, a british mathematician, as a test for artificial intelligence. A person uses text messages to communicate with either another person or a computer, neither of which they can see. If the person is unable to tell the difference between the two, the computer program is artificial intelligence. By 2004 no computer program had passed this test.
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Marvin Minsky and Dean Edmonds built the first artificial neural network that simulated a rat finding it's way through a maze.
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John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky founded the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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Joseph Weizenbaum created a program called ELIZA that appeared to hold conversations. In fact ELIZA re-phrased each person's question or statement to carry on the conversation.
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Stanford University developed a robot called Shakey that could navigate a world of blocks and follow instructions in simple English.
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A variety of specialties emerged. For example, Edward Feigenbaum developed the field of expert systems and Marvin Minsky introduced knowledge-representation systems.
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For the first time, an AI system controlled a spacecraft (Deep Space 1).
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More expert systems were developed. Speech systems able to provide a larger vocabulary.
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The supercomputer Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Gary Kasparov.
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Web crawlers (programs which search and extract information on the web) became essential for the widespread use of the World Wide Web (WWW)