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President John Tyler took the election of Polk as a signal to push the annexation of Texas through Congress,
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U.S. interest in pushing its border southward into Texas was the result of American pioneers migrating into thes lands during 1820-1830.
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the growth in manufactured goods caused a significant growth of exports and imports.
shippind firm ecouraged trade and inproved designs of ships. -
After winning indpendence form Spain, Mexico, hoped to attract settlers. By 1830, american outnumbered the Mexicans in Texas by three to one. In 1829, Mexico outlawed slavert and required all immigrants to convert to Roman Catholicism.
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railroads emerged as america's lagest industry; it required immense amonts of capitol labor.
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fur traders were the earliest nonnative group to open the far west, they held yearly rendezvous in the Rockies.
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in 1834, General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna made himself dictator of Mexico and abolishedthat nation's federal system of government.
An army under Sam Houston caught the Mexicans by surprise and captured theitr leader santa Anna.
Rejected the treat of Texas not being apart of Mexico. -
western cities arose as a result of railroads, mineral, weath, and farming.
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factory production maily had been concentrated in the textile mills of new england
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Houston applied to the U.S, government for his country to be annexed to the the U.S., as a new state.
President John Tyler worked to annex texas, but the U.S. Senate rejected his treaty of annexaton in 1844. -
Former president Martin Van Buren opposed immediate annexation. Challenging him for the Democratic nominationin 1844 was the proslavery, proannexation southerner, John C. Calhoun.
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The U.S, annexation of Texas led quickly to diplomatic trouble with Mexico. Shortly after taking office in 1845, President Polk dispatched John Slidell as his special envoy to the government in Mexico City.
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The treaty was submitted to the Senate for ratification. Northerners viewed treaty as a sellout to southern interests because it removed British Columbia as a source of potential free states.
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Briain based claim on Oregon in the hudson fir company's profitable fur trade with the Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest.
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Mexican army crossed the Rio Grande and captured an American army patrol, killing 11.
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u.s. entry into a war with Mexico provoked controversy from start to finish.
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Zachary Taylor's force of 6,000 men drove the Mexican army from Texas, croosed the Rio Grande into nothern Mexico, and won a major victory at Buena Vista.
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1.Mexico would recognize the Rio Grande as the southern border Texas.
2. U.S. would take possession of the for mexican provinces of california and new mexico. -
the old rush to california was followed by gold or silver rushes in colorado,nevada, the black hills of dakota,and western parts.
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many northerners viewed the war with mexico as part of a southern plot to extend slave power
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great britain and the united states agreed to treat in 1850 and and signed a new treaty in 1901 which gave the u.s free to building.
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president polk offered to purchase cuba from spain for 1oo million, but spain refused to sell its empire
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walker tpp over Nicaragua in 1855 and gained temporary recognition from the U.S in 1856
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mexico agreed to sell thousands of acres of semidesert land to the U.S for 10 million
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the migration of americans into these lands began in earnest;emmigrants passed over the vast dry region to to reach more inviting land
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the midcenttury economic boom ended in 1857; drops in prices and increased unemployment.
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preemption acts gave squatters the right to settle public lands and purchase them for low prices
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far more serious that attacks of indians wer experience od disease and and depression from harsh conditions trails.