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The Renaissance started in Italy during the 1300s.The agricultural economy developed into a commercial economy.
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The agricultural economy developed into a commercial economy.
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Prince Henry of Portugal helped usher in the Age of Discovery and the Atlantic slave trade. He is also credited with furthering knowledge of geography, map making, and navigation. Henry was not a sailor or an explorer,but he did sponsor many exploratory sea voyages. He started a school for navigation in Sagres, at the southwestern tip of Portugal.
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The Printing Press developed around 1450 and it helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance.
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The Printing Press developed around 1450 and it helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance.
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Students studied in Italy,then returned home helped spread ideas.
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Gutenberg developed a method of movable type and used it to create on of the Western world's first major printed books the "Forty-Two-Line" Bible.
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Christopher Columbus sailed to an island in the Bahamas in the Caribbean sea,which he claimed for Spain and named it San Salvador in 1492.
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Christopher Columbus reached an island in the Bahamas that he thought was the East Indies. He claimed it for Spain and named it San Salvador. He traded with the people who were already on the island.
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The So-Called New World and the Old world of Europe were involved in a massive exchange.
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Da Gama led a Portuguese fleet to India in search of a maritime route from Western Europe to the East. Da Gama sailed from Lisbon in July with four vessels. On his second voyage, he attacked Arab shipping interests in the region and used force to reach an agreement with Calicut's ruler.
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The Mona Lisa is an oil painting on wood and it is probably the worlds most famous painting.
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Copernicus developed his own heliocentric planetary system model. Around 1514, he shared his findings in the Commentariolus.
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Copernicus asserted his heliocentric(sun-centered) model.
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Michelangelo decorated the ceiling of the Sistine
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Erasmus translated the New Testament into Greek.
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The reformation began after Luther posted his 95 Theses(ideas) on his church's door.
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The Pope kicks Luther out after he posted his ideas on his church's door.
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Luther goes into hiding and copies the New Testaments into German
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Luther Copied the New Testament into German. Luther wrote the "95 Theses"
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Magellan set out from Spain in search of fame and fortune with a fleet of five ships to discover a western sea route to the Spice Islands. While in route he discovered what is now known as the Strait of Magellan and became the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean. He is credited with becoming the first European to circumnavigate the globe.
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Cortez served as a soldier in an expedition to Cuba led by Diego Velázquez. Cortez traveled to Mexico with about 500 men and 11 ships in 1519,setting his sights on overthrowing the Montezuma two in the Aztec capital of Tenochitilán. Cortez returned to defeat the Aztecs and take the city after the Aztecs drove them from Tenochitilán.
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Pizarro entered the city of Cajamarca and took the Inca leader Atahuapla hostage.
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Cartier explored the western coast of Newfoundland and the Gulf of St. Lawrence as far as today's Anticosti Islands,which Cartier called Assomption. He captured two Native Americans from the Gaspee´ peninsula and returned to France to make his report of the expedition to King Francis.
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Henry the 8th started the Anglican Church
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Henry VIII took away the lands of the Catholic church in England.
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St.Ignatius de Loyola founded the Society of Jesus(Jesuits) in Paris.
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Calvin used Protestant principles to establish a religious government .
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Drake became the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe;he was rewarded with knighthood. Drake and his cousin John Hawkins sailed to Africa in order to join the fledgling slave trade. Drake lead an expedition around South America through Straights of Magellan
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Elizabeth I made the Anglican church the official church of England. She defeated the Spanish Armada.
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Shakespeare wrote plays that capture the complete range of human emotion and conflict.
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Spain suffers economically by inflation,no productivity,and a growing population.
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Kepler discovered three major laws of planetary motion.
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Galilei invented an improved telescope that let him observe and describe the moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, the phases of Venus, and the rugged lunar surface.
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Cervantes wrote the play " Don Quixote".
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Harvey was the first to recognize the full circulation of the blood in the human body and to provide experiments and arguments to support this idea.
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The 30 Years War began because of the Support of Lutheranism.
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Charles I dissolved parliament three times in the first four years of his rule. He dismissed parliament altogether in 1629.
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The struggle between King Charles I and his Westminster Parliament over who should control the army needed to crush the Irish Insurrection in turn provoked the outbreak of Civil War in England.
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Cromwell helped organize armed forces after the outbreak of civil war in 1642,serving as deputy commander of the "New Model Army" that decimated the main Royalist force at the 1645 Battle of Naseby. He defeated Charles I in 1645.
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Hobbes wrote the Leviathan. He believed that Government was created to protect people from themselves and that Absolute Monarchs would be best type of government.
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Charles II signed a treaty with French King Louis XIV in which he agreed to convert to Catholicism and support France's war against the Dutch in return for subsidies. He arranged for his niece,Mary, to wed the Protestant William of Orange.Charles dissolved Parliament in 1679 and ruled alone for his remaining years because he was tired of the conflict.
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Charles I was able to dissolve parliament.
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Louis XIV transformed a royal hunting lodge in Versailles into one of the largest palaces in the world,officially moving his court and government there.
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Peter the Great dragged Russia out of the medieval times.He centralized government,modernized the army, and increased the subjugation and subjection of the peasants.
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Newton developed the law of gravitation. He developed the three laws of motion.
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Locke posted his "Essay Concerning Human Understanding".
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Locke wrote 2 Treatises On Government. He believed that rulers were supposed to protect natural rights and that people had the gift of reason.
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William and Mary signed the charter for a "perpetual College of Divinity, Philosophy, Languages, and other good Arts and Sciences.
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Montesquieu believed in the separation of powers in the government. He wrote the book " The Spirit of Laws".
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Voltaire wrote the book Candide. He believed in Religious Toleration.
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Rousseau wrote the Social Contract. He believed Government is a contract between the ruler and the people.
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Louis XVI supported attempts by his ministers Jacques Turgot and later Jacques Necker to relieve France's financial problems.
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The Reign of terror was led by Robespierre.
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Fredrick the Great governed Prussia during 46 years,gave importance to the army,reformed the administration,and made his country a major power.
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Bonaparte conquered most of Europe during the French Revolution. He crowned himself emperor.
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Delacroix Painted "The Massacre at Chios".
