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the first talks of sanitation reform
the first ideas for improvements to sanitation began in 1840. One idea was to carry human wastein small pipes away from cities -
Urban population 1840
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Cholera Outbreaks
Diseases such as Typhus, yellow fever and especially Cholera emerged in violent outbreaks in cities during the 19th century. The solution was to raise awerness like in the picture, but ultimately creating better hygene and sanitation was the solution -
Period: to
USA sanitation
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British influence
Edwin Chadawick in London made a book advolcating sanitation in cities. It led to the passage of Public Health Act of 1848 and it hugely influenced the sanitation reform movements in the United States. -
1850
Chicago Was the first city to install a sewage system in there city. This was a cruatial step in hygine in cities -
Other Literature influence
Influenced by British works, an Amerian school teacher and amature geonalogist, Lemuel Shattuck wrote a comprehensvie report on American health and Sanitation. Of his 50 suggestions, 36 were adopted to help improve, things like water, atmosphere and waste -
Sanitation survey
Docter Stephen Smith organized a survey on sanitation in New York city, some dubbed it hte most extensive in history! It was a landmark in American Public Health -
Toilets
the instalazation of toilets became more standard amung U.S cities -
American Public health Association Formed
The American Public Health Association was the first nationally funded organization that "became the principal voice of American sanitation reform. Other smaller organizations had formed in some cities around the country -
Mephis, Tennessee Sewage system
After yellow fever whiped out 9% of the town a huge developments in sanitation in accured with George Warring in Mephis, Tennessee. Warring installed a massive sewage system with small pipes and regular flushing to get waste out of the city. While contraversial, it paved way for other cities -
White Wings
Colonel George Waring leads his army of sanitation workers named the White Wings, cleaning 450 miles of New York streets per day. Behind the white wings were trailors filled with garbage -
Urban pop. 54 million at 1920
