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Jan 1, 1462
Ivan the Great
•Became the Grand Prince of Moscow and all of Russia
•Greatly expanded Russia's borders by three times its original size, becoming known as the "gatherer" of Russian land.
•Stopped the tradition of paying tribute to Tartar rulers (1480)
•When his first wife died, he married the Byzantine Princess, Zoe Palaeologa, who later took on the orthadox name of Sofia
•Sofia brought the customs of the Byzantine court and more openness to the European Culture -Elisha -
Period: Jan 1, 1462 to Jan 1, 1505
Ivan the Great's Reign
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Period: Jan 1, 1530 to
Ivan the Terrible's Reign
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Jan 1, 1547
Ivan the Terrible
•Dreamed of unlimited power
•At 16, he was crowned Czar of all of Russia
•Revisd the law code, created an elite, self managed army
•Expanded Russia into Siberia
•Ordered the building of St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square
•Started a new system for seperate estate
•Began Russia's first police force, known as the Oprichnina
•Spread terror across the country with his hand-picked members called the Oprichniki
•Personally led the tropps in the 1570 Novgorod Massacre
•Might have been poisoned -Manuel -
Period: to
Peter the Great's Reign
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Peter the Great
•Inherited the throne from Ivan the Terrible
•Started the campaigns of 1695-1696 against the Crimean Tatars
•Dealt with the revolt of Moscow in 1698
•Embarked on his biggest military undertaking, The Northern War, in 1700
•In November of 1721, Peter became the first emperor of the new Russian Empire
•Westernized Russia
•St. Peterburg became the capital in 1712
•Brutally introduced reforms
•Man of extraordinary energy and supreme vision -Miguel -
Catherine the Great
•Most prominent Russian Ruler
•Expanded Russian territory
•Improved government administration
•Contributed to westernization
•Peter planned to divorce her, but she took over and arrested him
•Great military leader
•Improved education
•Strengthened economy by promoting the development and lifting restrictions
•Promoted the arts
•Planned the future of Russia
•Praised or her great generosity and humanity -Elisha -
Period: to
Catherine the Great's Reign
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Period: to
Nicholas 1's Reign
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Nicholas the First
•Most reactionary of Russia's monarchs, a symbol of militancy and oppression
•After the sudden death of Alexander I in 1825, Russia's monarch went downhill
•Nicholas declared himself Emperor
•Stopped revolt
•Tried to strengthen the codes of laws, and financial/education systems
•Promoted traditional Russian Values
•Tried to put an end other nationality customs
•Created the special secret police
•Gained control of the Far East
•Actions led to Crimean War
•Died from a cold in 1855 -Manuel -
Period: to
Alexander II's Reign
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Alexander II
•Inerited the Crimean War from his father, Nicholas I
•Brought an end to serfdom in 1861
•In 1976 a Bulgarian revolt against the Turks was crushed causing a public outcry in Russia
•Alexander declared war
•Bulgaria was finally free from Turkish rule after 500 years
•Became known as the Liberator Tsar
•On March 13, 1881 Alexander II's carriage was bombed and he died an hour later -Miguel -
Alexander III
•Known as "The Peacemaker"
•Crowned as Tsar on May 15, 1883
•Tightened police oppression and increased censorship of the press
•Encouraged the development of trade and industry
•Imposed customs duties on imported goods to recover the economy
•Started construction of te Trans Siberian Railway -Manuel and Miguel -
Period: to
Alexander III "The Peacemaker"'s Reign
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Period: to
Nicholas II's Reign
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Nicholas II
•Last Emperor of Russia
•Became Emporer after his father's sudden death in 1894
•Married the Germal Princess Alix who took on the Orthodox name Alexandra
•Their only son, Aleksey, was diagnosed with hemophilia
•In 1905, Nicholas II had a holy man named Grigory Rasputin help to mysteriously ease the son's pain
•Devoted his efforts to preserve the principles of autocracy
•In 1904, started war with Japan
•Russia's embarrassing defeat led to a revolution in 1905 that became known as Bloody Sunday -
Nicholas II (continued)
•Took Russia into WWI to prevent a German invasion
•Forced to abdicate, and all power was transferred to the Proviional Government
•Power of the Bolsheviks grew
•In July of 1918 the Bolshevik Party had taken control and executed the royal family -Elisha
