Russia

Russia

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  • Alexander I

    Alexander I inherited the throne in 1801. He was open to libeeral ideas, eased censorship and promoted education. He even talked about freeing the serfs (most of them were peasants, artisans, or soldiers who were forced to join the russian army).

  • Russia was a great world power

    Russia was the largest, most populous nation in Europe and a great world power. Russia's territory occupied part of Europe and Asia. Russia was called a colossus, or a giant because of its big territory.

  • Alexander I dies

    A group of army officers takes advantage of the situation and leads an uprising known as the December Revolt, where they demanded a constitution and other reforms based upon liberal ideas they had seen while fighting Napoleon.

  • Nicholas I

    Nicholas I suppresed the revolutionaries from the Decembrist Revolt and used police spies to hunt out critics. Unlike Alexander I, he was against liberal ideas and banned all the books from Western Europe that might spread liberal ideas. He even shut up liberals by making them seem crazy and sent them to mental hospitals.He embraced the three pillars of Russian absolutism in the motto : "Othodoxy (the religion), Autocracy (absolute power of the state), and Nationalism (respect for his culture)

  • Alexander II

    Alexander II inherited the throne in 1855 during the Crimean War. He gave the serfs freedom, which were previosuly peasants. He also set up a system local government, or zemstvos, which is in charge of building roads, and repairing infrastrusctures, introduced legal reforms such as trial by jury, eased censorship and tried to reform the military such as changing the amount of years soldiers had to work. There was also a movement for women's rights for education in Russia.

  • Emancipation

    Alexander II makes a royal decree where Serfs receive their freedom.

  • Alexander III

    Alexander III was pretty mad about what happened to his father, and revived the harsh methods Nicholas I used, which was to get rid of revolutionaries and liberals by using secret police. He also made censorship strict, and exiled critics to Siberia. Constantine Pobedonostev was hi adviser, and he always rejected any ideas about democracy and a constitutional government (he called them " the lies of hollow and flabby people."). Russian Jews and Muslims were persecuted and had to flee to America.

  • Death of the "czar emancipator"

    March, 1881, a group of terrorists hurled two bombs atAlexaneder II's carriage. The first onw killed many guards, and the second one killed Alexander II.

  • Alexander III and NIcholas II

    Russia enters the industrial age with them and created many ways of trading with other countries, such as the Trans-Siberian Railroad. This increased political and social problems, because nobles and peasants were against it (conservatives)

  • War between Russia and Japan

    Russia was defetead.

  • Revolution of 1905

    Months after bloody sunday, people all over the country started to revolt against the czar. This forced Nicholas to promise "freedom of person, conscience, speech, assembly, and union", and that there would be no law unless Duma ( an elected national legislature) approved it.

  • Bloody Sunday

    Everything started when Father George sugested the people to go and make the czar understand how they felt. People marched to the czar's castle with religious things and pictures of him. The czar was scared they could kill him, so he escaped and told his soldiers to kill all of them. This event is called the bloody sunday, when russians lost faith on the czar and their orthodox faith.

  • Results of the Revolution

    Nicholas dissolved Duma and appointed a new prime minister, Peter Stolypin. Stolypin was a conservative and wanted to restore the old order. Then he realised that Russia needed reform, not just repression. He introduced moderate land reforms, strengthened tje zemstvos and improved education.

  • Peter Stolypin is assassinated