Rome

Spartacus leads slave revolt

73 BCE

Spartacus, a gladiator, led a slave revolt of over 70,000 and hoped to reach the Alps. However, they proved unsuccessful when the powerful Roman army defeated them. Spartacus died in this battle.

Colosseum completed

80

Emperor Vespasian began the construction of the Colosseum around 70 CE. Despite several disasters following Vespasian's death, the massive amphitheater was finally completed a decade later. His son, Titus, held gladiator fights to celebrate the completion.

Diocletian tries to reform the empire

284

Diocletian focused on strengthening the economy by setting maximum prices for all goods and services. He also prevented workers from leaving their jobs until death, in hopes that it would create stability. His reforms were successful and people did not respect his authority.

Roman empire divided into eastern and western parts

395

Following Theodosius' death, the great Roman empire split into two parts to become manageable for emperors. Each had its own capital; the western's remained Rome and the eastern's became Constantinople. The eastern part became known as the Byzantine Empire.

Last Western Roman emperor is overthrown

476

German general, Odoacer, overthrows the last western Roman emperor, 14 year old Romulus Augustulus. This ended the western Roman empire.

Byzantine Justinian begins rule

527

Emperor Justinian took control of the Byzantine Empire, where he improved almost all aspects of their life. He ruled for 38 years.