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Jul 20, 1304
Petrarch
Petrarch is said to be one reason for the start of the renaissance. He was on of the earliest humanists. His poems were popular all throughout Europe. -
1400
Humanism
Humanism is the study of ancient Greek and Latin classics in an attempt to revive the values from that time period. Humanist studied liberal arts and celebrated human dignity.Humanists were well rounded and scholarly. -
Jun 24, 1400
Johan Gutenberg
Gutenberg invented the moveable type printing press. His invention launched the printing revolution. It made access to books much easier for normal people. -
Jan 1, 1449
Lorenzo de' medici
Lorenzo de' Medici ruled the Florentine republic. He was a patron of the renaissance. He contributed greatly to the Renaissance by sponsoring artist to do their work in Florence. -
Apr 15, 1452
Leonardo Da Vinci
Da Vinci was a renaissance man. He was a painter, engineer, botanist, psychologist, and many other things. He studied human anatomy and he drew the Vitruvian Man who had perfect bodily proportions. He is known for his painting of The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. -
1466
Erasmus
Erasmus believed the catholic church was corrupt. He was a religious scholar who wrote texts on Catholicism. He ordered the bible to be written in all languages. -
1469
Machiavelli
Machiavelli believed a strong man could rule an undivided people. He took after Roman rulers . He believed in virtue and he wrote a book on how to rule a country the right way. -
May 21, 1471
Alrecht Durer
Durer was an engraver. He used Renaissance techniques in his engravings like realism. His art portrayed religious problems. -
Feb 19, 1473
Copernicus
Copernicus went against the church doctrine. He proposed the idea of a heliocentric model. The church rejects his idea. To avoid being killed, he revokes his idea, but he still believes the universe is sun centered. -
Mar 6, 1475
Michelangelo
Michelangelo was a renaissance artist. He painted The School of Athens. He is best known for his sculpture of David and the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine chapel. -
Feb 7, 1478
Thomas More
More is a humanist from England. He wanted social reform, so he wrote about a utopia. In his book, everyone had an equal chance for justice and education. -
1483
Raphael
Raphael was an Italian painter who attended the school of Athens. He is known for his large Vatican fresco.He also painted the Sistine Madonna. -
Nov 10, 1483
Martin Luther
Luther was a Monk who realized what the church was doing was wrong, so he sparked a revolution. He wrote 95 points as to why the church was corrupt and the pope excommunicates him. He begins his own religion called protestant and teaches his beliefs. -
Jun 28, 1491
Henry VIII
King Henry wanted an annulment, but the church wouldn't allow it, so he takes over the English church and makes only one new rule, divorce is allowed. He married 6 women in his lifetime. Henry became very sick and died leaving the church of England in the hands of his children. -
1500
Printing Revolution
By the 15th century printing presses were present in over 200 cities. The invention of the printing press and moveable type made it possible for common people to buy books. Once people could obtain literature, education advanced. This whole process was due to the printing revolution. -
Jul 10, 1509
John Calvin
Calvin was a priest who agreed with Luther's teachings, but he added his own beliefs to his religion. He believed it was decided before you were born if you would go to heaven or not. Calvinist fought with the Catholics until they/re forced to sail to America. -
1517
Sale of Indulgences
The church sold indulgences which were said to lessen an individuals time in purgatory. Many Christians objected this idea and believed the church was overstepping its boundaries. Martin Luther would eventually help end the sale of indulgences. -
1530
Inquisition
The pope used the inquisition to fight the Protestantism. Through secret testimony, torture, and executions Protestant heresy was found and removed from the Catholic church.Catholic followers could no use the writings of Luther or Calvin. -
Sep 7, 1533
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth was the last of Henry's kids to take the throne. She united England by compromising between Catholics and Protestants. She appointed someone else head of the church instead of herself. She had the church services translated from Latin to English. -
1545
Council of Trent
The council of Trent was a result of the reformation. The council clarified doctrines made my Protestants. This helped Roman Catholic churches all over. -
Jan 22, 1561
Francis Bacon
Bacon was a philosopher during the scientific revolution. He published the scientific method which impacted the way scientists prove hypotheses. His work revolved around observations. -
1564
Scientific Method
Scientist during the scientific revolution used the scientific method. The method was published by Francis Bacon who was impacted by Copernicus and Galileo. The method uses experimentation to prove a hypothesis. -
Feb 15, 1564
Galileo
Galileo made important discoveries. He made a very effective telescope. He used the scientific method to prove his theories. Galileo developed the law of acceleration. He was accused of heresy for his theories that went against church doctrine. -
Apr 23, 1564
William Shakespeare
Shakespeare wrote 37 plays exploring Renaissance ideals. He focused of the complexity of individuals. His plays were written in languages that everyone could read. He added 1700 words to the English language. -
Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton is best known for his development of the laws of gravity and motion. Newton revolutionized education in physics. His work was among the most important during the scientific revolution.
