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ohn Wycliffe was an English reformer who translated the Bible into the Vernacular, and Jan Huss was a Czech reformer who was burned at the stake for hersery against the Catholic Church.
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The revolt was brought on by King Richard II's attempts to enforce the third medieval poll tax. Groups of rebels stormed the Tower of London, executing whoever they could find.
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Created the movable type, precursor the the movable type printing press. Gutenburg bible was the 1st book printed. It made books fast and affordable, and printed in vernacular. Also helped cultural diffusing.
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Shortly after becoming king, Henry VIII took Catherine of Aragon as his bride. Catherine of Aragon gave birth to their first child, a son named Henry after his father, in January 1511. The child died two months later, and was destined to be the first of many unhappy births the couple would suffer. Henry consoled himself by going to war against France, hoping to emulate his ancestors Edward III and Henry V.
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He nailed the 95 thesis to the door of his church. The 95 thesis attacked the church's sale of indulgences.This Theses consisted of points for debate that criticized the Church and the Pope.
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In January 1521, Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther. Three months later, Luther was called to defend his beliefs before Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms, where he was famously defiant. For his refusal to recant his writings, the emperor declared him an outlaw and a heretic
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John Calvin believed in predestination. He thought there were two groups, the elect and the damned. He expanded the Protestant Movement and spreaded faith.
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Henry VIII broke with the Catholic Church. There was only one Catholic Church. There was also, at that time, the Orthodox Church but they did not call themselves: The Catholic Church. Henry VII was a secular king. Henry broke from the Catholic Church specifically because the pope refused to give him an annulment from his wife, Catherine of Aragon. He wanted to marry Anne Boleyn.
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The people were known as Jesuits. It was set up to help the spread of Catholicism. Jesuits acted as missionaries and tried to spread Catholicism around the world
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The Council of Trent met in the city of Trent to discuss reforms. They tried to establish the traditions and docterines of the Catholic Chruch. They met in response to the Protestant Reformation.
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Also called the Augsburg Settlement, was a treaty between Charles V and the forces of the Schmalkaldic League, an alliance of Lutheran princes, on September 25, 1555, at the imperial city of Augsburg, now in present-day Bavaria, Germany. It officially ended the religious struggle between the two groups.
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The daughter of Henry VIII, she was born a princess, but her mother, Anne Boleyn, was executed two and a half years after her birth. Ended bloodshed and united British isles under Anglican church, combined elements of catholic and protestant churches.
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During the last session of the Council of Trent, various topics were discussed. The documents regarding the character of the Mass, the Holy Orders and education of the clergy, the sacrament of marriage, purgatory, and other decrees were issued during the last session.
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August 24, 1572, was the date of the infamous St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre in France. On that day, over 400 years ago, began one of the most horrifying holocausts in history. The glorious Reformation, begun in Germany on October 31, 1517, had spread to France—and was joyfully received. A great change had come over the people as industry and learning began to flourish, and so rapidly did the Truth spread that over a third of the population embraced the Reformed Christian Faith.
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Queen Elizabeth held this. The War however between England and Spain lasted until 1604, despite the defeat of the Spanish Armada. Yet the defeat brought about English nationalism, securing Protestantism as England’s state religion. In contrast, for Spain it was a humiliating defeat, nearly destroying the national treasury of Spain.
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The Edict of Nantes, issued on 13 April 1598, by Henry IV of France, granted the Calvinist Protestants of France (also known as Huguenots) substantial rights in a nation still considered essentially Catholic.
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The Thirty Years' War was a series of wars principally fought in Central Europe, involving most of the countries of Europe. It was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, and one of the longest continuous wars in modern history.
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The 30 years war left many people dead. The Treaty of Wesphalia ended the Thirty Years' War in the Holy Roman Empire, The treaties did not restore the peace throughout Europe, however.
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The later revocation of the Edict of Nantes in October 1685 by Louis XIV, the grandson of Henry IV, drove an exodus of Protestants, and increased the hostility of Protestant nations bordering France.
