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In the late 1890's Herman Hollerith used punch cards for storage of data. Punch Cards are paper cards containing several punched holes that were punched by hand.
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A transistor is a used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power.
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RAM is Random Access Memory, when you power off your computer the data stored in RAM is deleted. ROM is a type of non-volatile memory. Data in ROM is permanently written and is not erased when you power of your computer.
