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American Revolution
A political upheaval that took place between 1775 and 1783 during which colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy, overthrew the authority of Great Britain, and founded the United States of America. -
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French Revolution
An uprising in France against the monarchy from 1789 to 1799 which resulted in the establishment of France as a republic. -
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Haitian Revolution
Toussaint L'Ouverture led this uprising, which in 1790 resulted in the successful overthrow of French colonial rule on this Caribbean island. This revolution set up the first black government in the Western Hemisphere and the world's second democratic republic (after the US). The US was reluctant to give full support to this republic led by former slaves. -
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Reign of Terror
The period in France where Robespierre ruled and used terror to quite his rule. Thousands of citizens were executed who were suspected to be untrustworthy to the committee of Public Safety who was led by Robespierre. -
Sepoy Rebellion
The revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 against certain practices that violated religious customs; also known as the Sepoy Mutiny. -
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Scramble For Africa
Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s. Britain obtained most of eastern Africa, France most of northwestern Africa. Other countries (Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, and Spain) acquired lesser amounts.
