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There is evidence that between 5000 and 7000 chili and corn began to be used in mexico -
They emerged around the fourteenth century BC. C. and will be consolidated as a power around the XII a. c. Their large settlements were established in La Venta, San Lorenzo and Tres Zapotes The reasons for its decline are unknown, but could be associated with the flourishing of other rival cultures. -
They reached their maximum splendor between the year 950 d. C. and 1521 d. C., with a large number of city-states under its rule. They stood out for the development of their war technology and for having a complex social organization in which noble women could participate in the upper echelons of power. -
They inhabited the Yucatan peninsula for three millennia and developed great knowledge of mathematics, astronomy and writing. They had a complex political and social organization, with a pyramidal hierarchy governed by a political-religious caste. -
They settled in the south of the current country of Mexico and had a complex and stratified political organization, in which the majority of the population had to pay tribute to a privileged minority linked to the government and religion. -
They developed sophisticated techniques in art. The ceramics of the Teotihuacanos included geometric paintings and images of gods, also captured as decoration of large buildings. -
They reached their peak between 900 AD. C. and 1100 d. C., and founded a city-state of militaristic ideology. They carried out commercial exchanges and used the cocoa seed as currency. His architectural artistic style influenced other contemporary cultures. -
They founded the city of Mexico-Tenochtitlán, current capital of Mexico. They were a warlike civilization that managed to conquer their neighbors and develop an imperial state. They built great cities, with palaces, temples, and markets. -
From the Nahuatl pozolli, from tlapozonalli, which means sparkling, it is a broth made from cacahuazintle corn grains, which is precooked for two hours and in this process, the corn grains lose the fibrous husk that covers them and when they boil they They open like a flower. It is believed that this dish was consumed since before the conquest, Emperor Moctezuma enjoyed a Pozole dish offered to the god Xipe Tótec, lord of fertility and the regeneration of corn and war. -
A chinampa is an ancient Mesoamerican method of agriculture and territorial expansion that, through a kind of rafts covered with earth, served to grow flowers, vegetables and fruits, as well as to expand the territory on the surface of lakes and lagoons in the Valley of Mexico; making Mexico-Tenochtitlan a floating city. They used them for agriculture and gain land from the lake waters. -
Hernán Cortés, with the help of other indigenous peoples, defeated the Aztecs.
Hispanization and Christianization of the indigenous people begins. -
The Metropolitan Cathedral of Mexico is one of the most important temples in America; its majestic proportions make it a masterpiece. It frames the north side of the Zócalo Capitalino, it is the most representative monument of the Historic Center of Mexico City. -
Juana Inés de Asbaje or Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648-1695) was a Mexican writer, intellectual, and nun of the 17th century, the most prominent in Latin American literature of that time. Her love for letters and study began at a very young age. She was a great friend of members of the Spanish monarchy and of renowned Spanish poets. -
There are several legends that surround the creation of this stew, one of them the most famous is the one that ensures that the mole was created in the Convent of Santa Rosa in the year 1681 by Sor Andrea de la Asunción. According to what they say in the convent, the nun created the mole with divine inspiration. -
The Enlightenment was a cultural and intellectual movement that emerged in France, England, and Germany in the mid-18th century. Until the 19th century, it brought with it profound changes in the culture and society of the time, which is why the 18th century is known as the "Age of Enlightenment". -
It is the most historic architectural monument in our country. It has witnessed many of the most important moments in our history. It is the only royal castle on our continent. It was the home of the Spanish viceroys and Emperor Maximilian of Habsburg. Later it was also the Presidential House until 1940. It houses a wide collection of paintings, photographs, documents and objects that show us in a formidable way the passages of our history from before colonization. -
On September 16, 1810, a social revolution broke out from which our country would be born as an independent, free and sovereign Nation. On September 27, 1821, the Independence of Mexico culminated, after an eleven-year war that was a great popular revolution to get rid of Spanish rule. -
It is believed that it was the Augustinian mothers of the Convent of Santa Mónica, in Puebla, who in 1821 created the Chiles en Nogada to celebrate the Independence of Mexico and pay homage to Agustín de Iturbide. This dish is full of history, it is prepared with stuffed poblano peppers, usually with meat, ground beef and fruit, covered with the main ingredient, the Castilian walnut cream, parsley and pomegranate, which together symbolize the three colors of the Mexican flag. -
José María Velasco is the most famous landscape painter in the history of art in Mexico. His career began at a time when painting revolved around religious and historical compositions featuring human figures, so his dedication and talent for faithfully documenting nature made him a revolutionary artist for the time. -
After the war with the United States, Mexico ceded half of its territory (Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Utah, Nevada and Colorado) -
Reform period, liberals prevail over conservatives. The Ayutla Revolution ends the dictatorship of Santa Anna. Benito Juárez leads the republican resistance. -
Archduke Maximilian of Austria is invested by Napoleon III as Emperor of Mexico. The French are defeated by Benito Juárez with the help of the United States. -
Gerardo Murillo, better known as Dr. Atl, was a landscape artist, writer, and volcanologist who stood out among Mexican painters. After studying painting, philosophy and law in Europe, he called for the development of public art that would address the problems and interests of society, for which he is considered one of the forerunners of Mexican muralism. -
Under the dictatorship of President Porfirio Díaz, the industrialization of the country begins and it begins to depend economically on the United States. -
The works of José Clemente Orozco–one of the great exponents of Mexican muralism along with Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros–address themes such as prehistoric rites, the cultural roots of the indigenous peoples of western Mexico, the oppression exerted by the Spanish conquerors and the independence struggle from an expressionist perspective that intersects with social realism. -
Diego Rivera is remembered for his murals with social themes, embodied in public buildings in Mexico and the United States. This painter showed an interest in the arts from a young age, which earned him support to travel to Europe to study the work of great masters such as Goya. These experiences allowed him to experience Cubism and Post-Impressionism first-hand before adopting a distinctly modernist style. -
David Alfaro Siqueiros, one of the great exponents of Mexican muralism, is remembered for his dynamic style. His works, characterized by thick black strokes and a fiery color palette, express intense emotions through a mix between the Mexican tradition and elements of surrealism and European expressionism. Deeply committed to socialist ideals, Siqueiros sought a balance between pictorial techniques and the technological revolution of the time to inspire the most vulnerable sectors. -
Throughout his career, Rufino Tamayo mixed European styles such as cubism and surrealism with motifs from Mexican popular culture—always laden with deep symbolism—using an explosive color palette and an experimental aesthetic. Of Zapotec origin, he had a close relationship with social issues, although he differed from the group of Mexican painters of his time, such as Rivera and Siqueiros, -
María Izquierdo was the first plastic artist to exhibit outside of Mexico. In his work we find self-portraits, landscapes and still lifes wrapped in a surreal air clearly influenced by Mexican folklore. Throughout her life, she denounced the hegemony exercised by male artists in the Mexican cultural scene – “it is a crime to be a woman and to have talent,” she said in 1953 – and chose to give a leading role to the female figure in her work. -
Bellas Artes is a cultural venue located in the Historic Center of Mexico City, considered the most important in the manifestation of the arts in Mexico and one of the most renowned opera houses in the world. This has been the scene and witness of impressive artistic, social and political events; Its construction began towards the end of the mandate of Porfirio Díaz on the occasion of the celebration of the centenary of the beginning of the Independence of Mexico; -
This artist is remembered for her intense self-portraits that reflected on identity, gender, and post-colonialism in Mexican society in the mid-20th century. Throughout her life, Kahlo suffered from various health problems, which led her to seek solace in painting. Consequently, Kahlo created around 150 works that continue to be studied and exhibited around the world. It is undeniable that Frida -
November 20: The Mexican Revolution begins, driven by discontent between peasants and urban workers, led by Emiliano Zapata. The initial motivation is to overthrow President Porfirio Díaz and establish free and democratic elections. -
He was a Mexican singer and actor who stood out for the creation of the Film Production Workers Union of the Mexican Republic. Just being a child he was part of the military academy in Mexico. Parallel to his military training, he was also training in the musical field, which allowed him to enter the radio media and the musical world. -
Octavio Paz (Mexico City, 1914-1998) is the most outstanding writer and intellectual of the 20th century in Mexico. He was the winner of the most prestigious award that a writer can receive in life: the Nobel Prize for Literature (1990), before him no Mexican author had received it. Together with César Vallejo and Pablo Neruda, he was in charge of the renewal of Latin American poetry, after modernism. -
New constitution with the objective of guaranteeing a permanent democracy in Mexico, a constitution that remains in force. -
Juan Rulfo (Jalisco, 1917-1986) was one of the most nationally and internationally recognized Mexican writers. He dedicated himself to narration and photography, two arts that catapulted him as a prominent figure in the cultural field. Both his books and his photographic work are a portrait of his vision of the Mexican people, especially their land of origin. In them he talks about poverty, family uprooting, violence and orphanhood. -
Pedro Infante Cruz, in addition to having different professions, stood out for his facet as a singer and actor. As a Mexican actor, he appeared in more than 60 films and his success was unquestionable. His specialty was the ranchera musical genre, which we can see reflected in his films. His profession as an actor allowed him to learn other languages such as English. The Golden Globe award allowed him to make a leap to Hollywood. -
Juan José Arreola Zúñiga (Jalisco, 1918-2001) was a Mexican narrator, essayist and editor, although his specialty was short stories. In his youth he worked as an actor, but ultimately did not develop in this profession. His first outstanding story was He did good while he lived (1943), published in the magazine Eos. -
Rosario Castellanos is considered today one of the most important writers of Mexico in the 20th century. He ventured into narrative, poetry and drama, succeeding in all. The two great themes that he liked to develop in his work were that of women and indigenous people. -
Jaime Sabines was a Mexican poet who has not been classified in any literary movement by critics. His poetry stood out for communicating from a simple, unadorned, everyday and, on occasion, even vulgar language that gives it its stamp of authenticity. -
The singer, at just 14 years old, composed his first song and entered the world of music. Years later, the singer, together with the group Los Rebeldes, participates in a radio program in which the artist gains popularity. When José Alfredo Jiménez achieved the pinnacle of fame, it was after publishing the song YO. This singer through his romantic songs won the love and support of a large audience. -
President Lázaro Cárdenas initiates the program of nationalization of the oil industry, agrarian reform and industrial expansion -
Vicente Fernández was a Mexican singer from a humble family and an admirer of Pedro Infante. At the age of 8, he began to play the guitar and sing rancheras that he heard on the radio. Thus began his musical career, built with his own effort and listening to many of the greats. This famous singer played in different restaurants and shows, in this way he gradually achieved fame. After his move to Mexico, he begins to play accompanied by different mariachis. -
Mexico becomes involved in World War II alongside the allies and declares war on Japan and Germany after the sinking of several tankers by German submarines in the Gulf of Mexico. -
Mexico is one of the 51 founding members of the United Nations Organization. The Mexican delegation was represented by Ezequiel Padilla, Manuel Tello and Francisco Castillo Nájera, Prior to this, Mexico discussed broad initiatives related to the proposals made at Dumbarton Oaks with the Latin American countries at the Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and Peace, also known as the Chapultepec Conference of 1945. -
Alberto Aguilera Valadez. Born in 1950 in Mexico, this artist not only sang, but also composed, produced and also acted. His contribution to Mexican popular music was brutal: he composed ballads, rancheras, Chicano music, cumbia, salsa, mariachi songs and a long etcetera. -
The female vote is granted under the presidency of Adolfo Ruiz Cortines -
Also known as the Blue House, it is one of the most representative tourist and cultural sites in the area; The building belonged to the Kahlo family since 1904 and four years after the painter's death, in 1958, it was converted into a museum. -
Were an international multi-sport event held in Mexico City, Mexico, from October 12 to 27, 1968. After two unsuccessful bids, the Mexican capital was selected as the host city for the event at the 60th Session of the International Olympic Committee . -
On October 2, 1968, in Mexico City, a terrible massacre occurred in Tlatelolco, in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, causing the death of more than 300 people. I t was the brutal culmination of crimes that could be considered against humanity, perpetrated by the Mexican government against students throughout that year, characterized by the massive, arbitrary and illegal arrests that took place during this period. -
He was born in Puerto Rico, raised and his entire career took place in Mexico. He is considered one of the most important artists in Latin America, since in his musical production he has opted for a wide variety of mixes such as funk, ballads, jazz, boleros, mariachi, etc. -
Its headquarters building in Plaza Carso was designed by the Mexican architect Fernando Romero. It was inaugurated on March 29, 2011. It is open 365 days a year and access is free The museum preserves a wide collection of art close to 70,000 pieces.The works of the French sculptor Auguste Rodin, the impressionists Monet, Renoir and Degas, the Old European Masters -El Greco, Tintoretto, Brueghel, Cranach, Zurbarán and Murillo stand out.