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Where and what he studied?
Napoleon attended school in mainland France, where he learned the French language, and went on to graduate from a French military academy in 1785. He then became a second lieutenant in an artillery regiment of the French army. -
French Revolution
The French Revolution began in 1789, and within three years revolutionaries had overthrown the monarchy and proclaimed a French republic. During the early years of the revolution, Napoleon was largely on leave from the military and home in Corsica, where he became affiliated with the Jacobins, a pro-democracy political group.
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Napoleón’s rise to the power
Since 1792, France’s revolutionary government had been engaged in military conflicts with various European nations -
French army
In 1796, Napoleon commanded a French army that defeated the larger armies of Austria, one of his country’s primary rivals. -
Treaty of Campo Formio
In 1797, France and Austria signed the Treaty of Campo Formio, resulting in territorial gains for the French. -
Invasion to England
The following year, the Directory, offered to let Napoleon lead an invasion of England. Napoleon determined that France’s naval forces were not yet ready to go up against the superior British Royal Navy. Napoleon’s troops scored a victory against Egypt’s military rulers.
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Invasion of Napoleon’s army
In early 1799, Napoleon’s army launched an invasion of Ottoman Empire-ruled Syria, which ended with a failed siege of Acre, located in modern-day Israel. -
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Emperor
In 1804 Napoleon crowned himself emperor after de coup d’etat -
Battles of 1805
In October 1805, the British wiped out Napoleon’s fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar. However, in December of that same year, Napoleon achieved what is considered to be one of his greatest victories at the Battle of Austerlitz, in which his army defeated the Austrians and Russians. Napoleon successfully waged war against various coalitions of European nations and expanded his empire.
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Napoleon’s exile
However, after a disastrous French invasion of Russia in 1812, Napoleon abdicated the throne two years later and was exiled to the island of Elba in 1815.
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Escaped from Elba
On February 26, 1815, after less than a year in exile, Napoleon escaped Elba and sailed to the French mainland with a group of more than 1,000 supporters. -
Returned to Paris
On March 20, he returned to Paris, where he was welcomed by cheering crowds. The new king, Louis XVIII (1755-1824), fled, and Napoleon began what came to be known as his Hundred Days campaign. -
Prussians defeated by Napoleon’s troops
On June 16, Napoleon’s troops defeated the Prussians at the Battle of Ligny. -
Battle of Waterloo
However, two days later, on June 18, at the Battle of Waterloo near Brussels, the French were crushed by the British, with assistance from the Prussians.
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Napoleon’s abdication
On June 22, 1815, Napoleon was once again forced to abdicate. -
Second exile of Napoleon
In October 1815, Napoleon was exiled to the remote, British-held island of Saint Helena, in the South Atlantic Ocean. -
Napoleon’s death
Finally, he died there on May 5, 1821, at age 51, most likely from stomach cancer.
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