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Pascal's Calculator
Added numbers up to six digits, worked on rotating wheels. Influential because Pascal developed a machine which had the purpose of doing calculations for a human -
Punched Card Tabulation
A way to hold large amounts of data in a relatively small space. I believe that this is influential to the field of computer science, as it was the first major instance of allowing subtotals to be calculated by subtotals, and it was also used in the 1890 census. These punch cards however, need a specific machine to read, that have clock like dials. -
Iowa State Computer
Professors from Iowa State worked on creating a computational machine, which started to pave the way for commercialized computers. However, because of World War 2, the professors efforts were distributed elsewhere, and another group in Pennsylvania created a computer, that functioned similarly to the one they were creating. -
International Business Machines (IBM) Commercial Computer
IBM develops a commercial computer, which was used within the United States Government. IBM developed the IBM 701 after the UNIVAC was created, but was more successful due to their per-existing customer base. The IBM 701 was IBM's first commercial computer, and due to its success, it paved the way for other companies to compete with them, but IBM dominated the market, controlling up to 65% during the 1960s -
Microprocessor
Intel created the first commercial microprocessor. This allowed for other companies to develop smaller machines, that could be used in personal computers. The Intel 4004 was the first microprocessor, and took two years to complete initially. -
Personal Computer
Apple Computers created the Apple 1, the first personal computer. Steve Wozniak worked for Hewlett-Packard, which gave Apple Computers an advantage, as they knew what they needed to do to create a computer, they were only concerned with downsizing the current technology. Although only 200 units of the Apple 1 sold, it gave Apple Computers a boost in funds that allowed them to continue to develop personal computers -
Sources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal%27s_calculator
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/1890tabulator.html
https://www.ece.iastate.edu/the-department/history/history-of-computing/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_701
https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/museum-story-of-intel-4004.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_I
