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Grito de Dolores
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Independence
(1810-1821)
In Setember Father Hidalgo y Costlla issued the “Grito de Dolores”, which wanted to represent freedom against Spanish Crown. Father Hidalgo was captured and executed by the leader of the royal armie Félix María Calleja.
After that, the movement was lead by Father José María Morelos y Pavón, he started some guerrillas all around the country, and was executed by Félix María Calleja.
There were many "guerrillas" after that, and finally the Independence was won with Iturbide and Guerr. -
Coronation of Iturbide
(1821-182)
The Iguala plan says that if Fernando VII don’t come to govern someone can take his place, so Agustín de Iturbide took it and he crowned himself, he also created the constituent congress and named Santa-Anna de leader. -
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First Mexican Empire
The Iguala plan says that if Fernando VII don’t come to govern someone can take his place, so Agustín de Iturbide took it and he crowned himself, he also created the constituent congress and named Santa-Anna de leader. -
Casa Mata PLan
Spain wanted to take back their colony, so they tried to invade Mexico again, and the constituent congress army stop them, but Agustín the first didn’t recognize them, so Santa-Anna got angry and called Bravo, Victoria, Chávarri and Guerrero, and they signed the casa mata plan. -
The Start of the Triunvirate
(1823-1824)
After the fall of itubide, the congress decided to meke a new form of goverment led by 3 men:
Pedro Celestino Negrete
Vicente Guerrero
Nicolás Bravo -
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The Triunvirate
After the fall of itubide, the congress decided to meke a new form of goverment led by 3 men:
Pedro Celestino Negrete
Vicente Guerrero
Nicolás Bravo -
Lucas Alamán is named Minister
(1823-1825)
He was a conservative in favour of the Church, who participated as part of the Conservative Party; he was the Minister and advisor of Santa Anna; though he had some liberal ideas, such as: the division of powers, industrialization, and some other economic ideas. -
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Lucas Alamán
He was a conservative in favour of the Church, who participated as part of the Conservative Party; he was the Minister and advisor of Santa Anna; though he had some liberal ideas, such as: the division of powers, industrialization, and some other economic ideas. -
Liberal Constitution of 1824
(1824-1836)
It was promulgated in October 4th 1824 after the first mexican empire, in it the name of the catholic religión republic was Estados Unidos Mexicanos, and established the catholic religion was the one and only. -
Start of the First Federal Republic in Mexico
(1824-1835)
Nine presidents ruled in that period, the first being Guadalupe Victoria,; the Mexican Hacienda was created, the loans for other countries increased and Spain tried to take over once again. -
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First Federal Republic
Nine presidents ruled in that period, the first being Guadalupe Victoria,; the Mexican Hacienda was created, the loans for other countries increased and Spain tried to take over once again. -
Liberal Reforms of 1833
(1832-1833)
The main liberal creators of these were: Valentín Gómez Farías, José María Luis Mora and Lorenzo De Zavala.
These reforms abolished the church’s and military’s fueros, they took al of the Church’s property for the State, Public Schools were created as well as The National Guard, The National Library, Museums and the University -
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Santa Anna Dictatorship
In 1829, Spain invaded, attempting to re-take Mexico. Santa Anna played a key role in defeating them – his greatest military victory. Santa Anna first rose to the presidency in an 1833 election. -
Begining of the Centralist Republlic
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Texas Independence
When Santa Anna was in power, he had a centralism system, so, most states were left appart, for example Texas, whi felt closer to the US than to Mexico, so because of this, Santa Anna sent an army which succeeded at first, but then failed; the war ended with the Guadalupe-Hidalgo Treaty, and 2 years later, Texas was annexed to the US. -
The Seven Constitutional Laws
(1836-1846)
These Constitution was an opposition to the Constitution of 1824; they wew decreated by Santa Anna, and changed a lot of ways Mexio was rules.
First of all, the Republic became centralit, which meant all the power was concentrated in the presidnt, and only in him, he chose all of the reprsentants amd had many privilages. The presidencial period icreased to 8 years; the states did not have sovergnity, taxes were payed for everything, like how many windows you had, etc. -
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Santa Anna and the Central Republic
It was a unitary political regime established in Mexico, after the repeal of the Constitution of 1824. The unitary regime was formally established on December 30, 1836, with the enactment of the seven constitutional laws.
Santa Anna was a mexican politician and general who influenced early Mexican politics and government. Santa Anna first opposed the movement for Mexican independence from Spain, but then fought in support of it. He served as general and president many times. -
First French Intervension
In 1838, the First French Intervention also known as the Cake War took place.
This was caused because the Mexican Government, in charge of Antonio López de Santa Anna, owed 600 thousand pesos to France (the quantity which France lent to Mexico, and hadn't been payed yet).
It's named the Cake War, because part of the money Mexico owed was, because during the War, a French a Cake Store suffered huge damages and the baker demanded to have his money reposed.
The French threatened to block the Quer -
Secession of the Yucatan Peninsula
It lasted from 1841 to 1848 (when it became part of Mexico again), when Santa Anna was in power. -
The Organic Bases
Santa Anna had abbandoned the power, but returned, and in this constitution the Ejecutive and Legislative powers were removed.
The church had once again, privileges.
They lasted 3 years (1845) -
US invation to Mexico
It ended in 1847.
Because of the US ambition of expanding, tehy deciuded to take over Mexico.
They started with the North in Monterrey and other states until they reached Mexico City. -
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Brought an official end to the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) was signed on February 2, 1848, at Guadalupe Hidalgo, a city north of the capital where the Mexican government had fled with the advance of U.S. forces. -
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The Ayutla Revolution
The Revolution of Ayutla was named after The Plan of Ayutla announced in the town of Ayutla on March 1, 1854 ,which sought to remove Santa Anna and convening a constituent assembly in order to draft a federal constitution. -
Reform Laws and New Constitution
Juárez and the liberals enacted the Ley Juárez, abolishing the fueros (special privileges of the clergy and the military); the Ley Lerdo (1856) ordered the sale of all church lands not used for specifically religious purposes.
The New constitution of 1857 established individual rights such as freedom of speech; freedom of conscience; freedom of the press; freedom of assembly; and the right to bear arms. -
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Reform War
Liberal political and social revolution in Mexico under the principal leadership of Benito Juárez. It consisted of the confrontation between liberals and conservatives. -
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Second French Intervention
France, Spain and Great Britain decided to go to Mexico to get their money back (they had lent money to Mexico). But Juarez told them he didn't have the money, so Spain and Great Britain gave him two more years. But France wanted it's money at that moment and used this as an excuse for military intervetion.
Mexican forces commanded by Ignacio Zaragoza defeated the French army in the battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862. -
Maximiliano de Habsburgo accepts the Mexican Crown
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The Second Empire (Maximiliano de Habsburgo)
It was an attempt of creating a monarchy in Mexico. When Maximilian arrived to Mexico, he found himself in the middle of a political struggle between the conservatives, who backed him and the liberals, headed by Benito Juarez.
In 1867, Maximilian was executed at the orders of Benito Juarez in the cerro de las Campanas in Querétaro. -
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The restored Republic (Juarez)
Benito Juarez won the presidential elections of December 1867. He tried to draw liberals and conservatives together in a political consensus. After an election in 1871, the congress of Mexico declared him president. He died in 1872 and was succeeded by Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada. Finally when Lerdo sought reelection in 1876, Diaz led another revolt and became president in 1877. -
Norian Plan (Porfirio Díaz)
It was a political movement led by Porfirio Díaz in 1871 to stop Benito Juarez from reelecting which in Porfirio's opinion, violated the Constitution of 1857.
"No reelection" was Díaz' motto. -
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Porfirio Díaz Regime
It started when Porfirio Díaz reached the power. This period was full of economic, technological and cultural advances. It was also a time of stability and peace for the country.
But also, the inequality started to increase and the free press was oppressed.
