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1500 BCE-400 CE
• Also known as “Rubber People”
• Large stone heads
• Polytheism and Shamanism
• Agriculture (maize) and trade (obsidian tools and jade)
• Cities – San Lorenzo, La Venta, Tres Zapotes
• Olmec glyphs -
1500 BCE-400 CE
• Also known as “Rubber People”
• Large stone heads
• Polytheism and Shamanism
• Agriculture (maize) and trade (obsidian tools and jade)
• Cities – San Lorenzo, La Venta, Tres Zapotes
• Olmec glyphs -
900 BCE Toltecs and Aztecs
• 900 BCE-1160 CE (Toltecs)
• 1220-1520 CE (Aztecs)
• Modern day Mexico
• Social hierarchal class
• Pyramids/stone structures
• City-states/Tenochtitlán – capital city of Aztec empire
• Social hierarchal classes – Aztec emperor at the top
• Polytheistic/Spiritual rituals – sacrifices, bloodletting, and festivals
• Trade and agriculture – economic base
• Created “floating gardens” for agriculture -
900-200 BCE (Chavin)
• 200-700 CE (Mochica)
• Andean region of South America
• Chavin de Huantar archaeological site for Chavin civilization
• Trade and agriculture – economic base
• No evidence of a writing system
• Social hierarchal classes -
250-1200 BCE
• Pyramids, temples, stelae
• City-states
• Polytheism, deities, bloodletting rituals
• Cacao and cotton as currency
• Mayan divine kings
• Mythology (the Hero Twins)
• Ball games
• Calendar Round and Long Count -
100 BCE
Teotihuacán
Teotihuacán
• 100 BCE-750 CE
• Precursor to Aztec civilization
• Agriculture and trade as economic base
• One of the largest, most successful city-states of the time period/location
• Hieroglyphic writing system/calendar
• Polytheistic
• Social classes/urban dwellings -
Jan 28, 1100
The Inca
The Inca
• (1100-1532 CE)
• Located in South America (Peru)/largest empire in the Americas
• Regional military power/ military service required for men as a form of a tax
• Cuzco – capital city
• Built network of roads, quipu as a form of record-keeping,
• Polytheistic
• Social hierarchal classes – Inca emperor at the top
• No known writing system
• Agricultural-based society
• No known merchant class -
400
Teotihuacan becomes a biggest city in the Mexican Valley
Teotihuacan becomes a biggest city in the Mexican Valley
Teotihuacan, the dominant city in the northern highlands of central America, introduces the god Quetzalcoatl -
500
The Mayans made the first Chocolate drink
The Mayans made the first Chocolate drink
Beans are gathered by the Maya from wild cocoa trees and are probably used in a chocolate drink -
Oct 8, 600
Rise of the Caracol city-state
Rise of the Caracol city-state
The city-state of Caracol becomes a major force in the land. -
Oct 8, 700
King Itzamnaaj B'alam II or the King Shield Jaguar the great becomes the king of Yaxchilan
King Itzamnaaj B'alam II or the King Shield Jaguar the great becomes the king of Yaxchilan
Yaxchilan in now one of the central powers in the modern-day border of honduras and guatemala