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Thick ice sheets covered parts of Europe, Asia, and North America.
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People learned how to grow food, stay in one place to grow grains and vegetables, and gradually farming replaced hunting and gathereing.
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Craftspeople in western Asia mixed copper and tin to form bronze. It became widley used between 3000 B.C. and 1200 B.C. which was the period known as the Bronze Age.
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Many cities had formed in southern Mesopotamia in a region known as Sumer.
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Sargon, the king of the Akkadians, conquered all of Mesopotamia and he set up the world's first empire. His empire lasted for more than 200 years.
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The Babylonian king, Hammurabi, began conquering cities to the north and south and created the Babylonian Empire. Hammurabi is best known for his law code.
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King Hammurabi wrote 282 laws to govern th people of Babylon.
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To defend their land, the Assyrians built a large army and they began taking over the rest of Mesopotamia.
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The Assyrians began fighting each other over who would be their next king.
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By 650 B.C. the empire strechted from the Persian Gulf in the east to Egypt's Nile River in the west..
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The Chaldeans seized the oppurtunity to rebel. They captured Nineveh and the Assyrian Empire soon crumbled.
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The Chaldeans were led by King Nebuchadnezzar and they controlled all of Mesopotamia.
