Latin America

By ttarrant4

  • Mexican Independence

    Takeover of the economy by wealthy Mexican families and Americans following Mexican independence leaves Mexican lower class perpetually impoverished
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    Dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz

    Diaz did much more for the elite than the poor. Strove for industrialization.
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    Mexican Revolution

    A social revolution broke out in Mexico as different leaders vied for power. Popular leaders at this time included: Emiliano Zapata (leader of peasants), Francisco “Pancho” Villa (collaborated with Zapata for the rights of the landless), and Lazaro Cardenas( distributed land to peasants). It lost momentum in the 1920s.
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    Presidency of Francisco I. Madero

    Madero, born into wealth, took over after uprisings caused Diaz to fleed into exile. He was overthrown and murdered by one of his supporters, General Victoriano Huerta, who takes over as President. President Wilson sent troops to Veracruz following the murder.

  • Carranza and Obregon overthrow Huerta

    Motivated by inequities of Mexican society and foriegn intervention
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    Presidency of Hipolito Irigoyen

    The first president elected by universal male suffrage, he began his presidency as a reformer but later became conservative.

  • New Mexican Constitution

    Promised one-term presidency and universal suffrage
    State-run education
    End of debt peonage
    Restricions on foriegn ownership of property
    Labor laws (wages and hours)

  • Pancho Villa Assassinated

    Villa was a popular leader during the Mexican Revolution. An outlaw in his youth, when the revolution started, he formed a cavalry army in the north of Mexico and fought for the rights of the landless in collaboration with Emiliano Zapata.

  • Mexican National Revolutionary Party founded

    By President Obregon's successor, Plutarco Elias Calles
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    2nd Term of Irigoyen

  • General Jose Uriburu overthrows Irigoyen

    Oligarchy and generals rule for 13 years aftwerward, worseing economic conditions caused by the Depression
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    Dictatorship of Getulio Vargas

    Vargas was dictator of Brazil from 1930-1945 and 1951-1954. Defeated in the presidential election of 1930, he overthrew the government and created Estado Novo (‘new State”), a dictatorship that emphasized industrialization and helped the urban poor but did little to alleviate the problems of the peasants.
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    Presidency of Lazaro Cardenas

    Cardenas brought major changes to Mexican life by distributing millions of acres of land to the peasants, bringing representatives of workers and farmers into the inner circles of politics, and nationalizing the oil industry.

  • Mexican oil industry nationalized and Estado Novo proclaimed in Brazil

    The nationalization of the Mexican oil industry under Cardenas represented a shift toward socialism. Estado Novo was Vargas's authoritation regime.

  • Juan Peron's military coup in Argentina

  • Peron elected President of Argentina

    Peron was President of Argentina between1946-1955 and 1973-1974. As a military officer, he championed the rights of labor. Aided by his wife Eva Duarte Peron, he was elected president in 1946. He built up Argentinean industry, became very popular among the urban poor, but harmed the economy.

  • CIA intervention in Guatemala

  • Fidel Castro Triumphant in Cuban Revolution

    Cuba’s government was corrupt and subservient to the wishes of American interests. Cubans organized for a national election and Fulgencio Batista illegally seized power in a coup in 1953. Fidel Castro took power in 1959 and began revolutionary changes in the economy. Castro seized and redistributed land, lowered urban rents, raised wages, and got support from the Soviet Union

  • Bay of Pigs

  • Cuban Missile Crisis

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    Presidency of Salvador Allende in Chile

  • Military Takeover in Argentina

  • Sandinistas overthrow Anastasio Somoza in Nicaragua

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    Democracy in Argentina, Brazil, Chile

  • US invasion of Panama

  • Sandinistas defeated in elections in Nicaragua

  • Hugo Chavez elected in Venezuela

    He was a a vocal critic of neo-liberalism (The term used in Latin America and other developing regions to describe free-market policies that include reducing tariff protection for local industries; the sale of public- sector industries, like national airlines and public utilities, to private investors or foreign corporations; and the reduction of social welfare policies and public sector employment.) and American influence.