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The United Provinces
A split within the United Provinces of Holland... a difference of opinions in two parties with the United Provances, Holland and Zeeland occurred. The Dutch became the leading traders of Europe....along with its superiority of trade, the Dutch permitted the freest exchange of ideas of their time.These freedoms attracted both great minds and those seeking religious freedoms. A conflict between these 2 factions eventually leave the House of Orange ruling in Holland. Jan Van Oldenbarneveldt -Pic -
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House of Orange Gains Control in Holland
Maurice of Nassau continued the war with Spain now that his opponent Jan Van Oldenbarneveldt was executed. Maurice's Family will control Holland until 1648, Maurice die a premature old man and supposedly missed the council of Oldenbarnveldt who was a family confidante. -
Peace of Westphalia
Merchantile faction pushes for peace with Spain. William II of Orange tries to continue the fighting, but mechantiles insisted on a peace with Spain. As a result the Dutch sign the treaty of Westphalia. It marked the end of the Holy Roman Empire as an effective institution and inaugurated the modern European state system. -
Jan de Witt
With the death of William II and the heir being William III, a baby, the Merchantiles finally had the upper hand over the House of Orange. Jan de Witt was the representative of Holland who had full power of the Gov't in 1653. He wanted to decentralize the government and allow the economic interests of the Dutch to flourish without there ever becoming a resurgence with the House of Orange. -
House of Orange Restored to Power
De Witt is killed as French Armies overran the Dutch Southern Provinces. De Witt was unwilling and unequipped to fight such a foe. Before long the Family that had brought them Independence was once again called to lead them. William III now an adult would be called to lead the Dutch.
