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In 3300 B.C sumerians were introduced as settlers coming for good soil. They created many tools and technology.
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In 3300 B.C the sumerians settled in southern Mesopotamis. This was significant in the sumerians farming.
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The Sumerians had many environmental challenges. Some days they had floods, and others no rain at all. (3300 B.C)
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In 3000 B.C the sumerians built a number of cities. This helped in expanding their territory.
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In 3000 B.C the sumerians built Umma, Ur, Uruk, Kish, and Langash. These city-states started the beginning of civilization.
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After 3000 B.C wars between the cities were happening frequently. This lead to the Sumerian priests and people giving the commanders permanent control.
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From 3000 B.C to 2000 B.C the cities were constantly at war which lead to major damage to the sumerians.
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In 2500 B.C Sumerian city states were under the rule of dynasties. The dynasties taking over resulted in the growth of prosperous from the surplus food produced on their farms.
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The sumerians believed in many gods, that the gods had controll of the different forces of nature. To impress these gods they built ziggurats. (2500 B.C)
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Sumerian city-states were ruled by Dynasties. This leadership kept villages in place. (2500 B.C)
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In 2500 B.C cities rose all over the fertile creasent. This process beganb cultural diffusion
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In 2300 B.C the sumerians created cueniform. This system of writing helped record events, astronomy, chemistry, and medicine.
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In 2150 B,C Sargon's dynasty came to an end due to violence, invasions, and a famine. It was the end of the first empire.
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In 2000 B.C the Amorities invaded Mesopotamia. They beat the sumerians and established their capital at Babylon.
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Hammurabi put together a set of laws. The laws reinforced the principle that the government had a responsibility for what occured in society. (1792-1750 B.C)
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In 3200 B.C the villages of Egypt were under control of lower egypt and upper egypt. They were said to be under the control of Narmer.
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In 3100 B.C Egyptians developed Hireoglyphics. The Hieroglyphics were written on Papyrus reeds.
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The kings, queens, priests, and wealthy landowners stood at the top of the classes. Next it was the merchants and under the merchants were the farmers and peasants. (3000 B.C)
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In 2700 B.C the Egyptians developed a system of numbers for counting. They used this system to collect taxes.
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In 2700 B.C they created the calender with 365 days, the one we use today. They used this calender to keep track of the flooding to help farming.
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In 2660 B.C Pharaohs were viewed as gods and became Egypts kings and queens. This developed the government "Theocracy".
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The start of the old kingdom began in 2600 B.C. Pyramids built during this time, showed the economic strength, and technology Egypt had.
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In 2500 B.C, the Egyptians built pyramids as burial sites for the pharaohs. Egyptians made the advancement of building huge pyramids.
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In 2180 B.C, the power of the pharaohs died down. This marked the end of the Old Kingdom.
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The Middle Kingdom restored law and order. The Egyptians improved trade and transportation by digging a canal from the Nile to the Red Sea. (2040-1640 B.C)
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The Egyptians drained the swamps of lower Egypt which created thousands of new acres of farmland. They also had a system to trap and channel Nile's floodwater. (2040-1640 B.C)
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In 2005 B.C Mentuhotep II gained control of the entire country. He advance Agriculture.
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in 1640 B.C the Hyksos moved into Egypt. They were the "rulers of foreign lands".
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In 1640 B.C the Middle Kingdom was brought to an end. This was caused by the Hyksos migrating to Egypt.
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In 1100 B.C the upper and lower egypt split. New ruling needs to take place.
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In 3200 B.C people were farming in villages along the Indus River. It is said that domesticated sheep and goat were found around here.
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In 3200 B.C people were farming and improving agriculture in villages by the Indus River.
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In 2500 B.C Indus valley filled their streets with buildings made of baked bricks. The poeple of Indus Valley also created a plumbing and sewage system.
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In 2600 B.C trading began on the Indus River. They traded with the Mesopotamians and brought luxury goods to Sumer.
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In 2500 B.C the Indus Valley created a city plan. They laid the city in a percise grid system.
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In 2500 B.C Indus civilization rose in part of India and Pakistan. It had flat fertile land formed by the Indus and Ganges River.
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In 2500 B.C Indus valley's largest cities were Kalibongan, Mohen Jo- Daro, and Harappa. The civilization was called Harappan civilization.
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In 2500 B.C poeple of Indus valley layed bricks around their first cities. They did this to protect the cities from floods.
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The monsoons deominated India's climates. The poeple of Indus valley suffered from a blowing of dry air, or a blowing of rain. (2000 B.C)
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In 1800 B.C the harappan created a language with about 400 symbols. This language, to this day, can not be deciphered.
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In 1750 B.C the quality of building in Indus valley declined. This is what started the end to Indus civilization.
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I n 1750 B.C cities near the river endured awful disasters. Those who were left after the disasters had no where to farm, so they died off.
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In 1750 B.C because the quality of building in Indus valley declined, the citites fell into decay.
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In 1500 B.,C the Aryans migrated into the Indus valley. Indian civilization grew once again.
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Aryans take over the Indus Valley.
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1.7 million years ago fossil remains were found in China. This discovery tell us there were settelers 500,000 years ago.
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In 2000 B.C the first chinese dynasty emerged. The Xia Dynasty help settlements grow.
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In 2000 B.C settlements along the Huang He grew into China's first cities. They were there before the Sumerians settled in Mesopotamis.
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Higher class citizens lived in timber framed houses. The lower class simply lived in hutss.
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Higher class people had better living situations and better opportunities. The lower or middle class had less opportunities and worse living conditions. The lowest class had the worst. (1700 B.C)
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In 1600 B.C the chinese developed their own written language. This lead to better record keeping.
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Ming, the last chineese dynasty ended in 1644 B.C. The Ming b.C)dynasty was famous for its exquisite arts and crafts. (1368-1644
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In 1000 B.C Zhou brought the mandate of heaven to power. The mandadte of heaven chose the leaer and became central to the government.
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From 907- 618 B.C the literature and arts flourished. This was influenced by the Tang Dynasty.
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In 581 B.C the Grand Cand was built. This helped with expansion.
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In 551 B.C confucius was born. He studied and taught history, music, and moral character.
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In 300 B.C the Quin Dynasty replaced the Zhou dynasty. The quin dynasty falls because of a peasant rebel.
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In 221 B.C the Shi Huangdi worked to strengthen China. He was a harsh ruler.
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The han dynasty came to power in 202 B.C. The Han dynasty improved China's government.
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In 2000 B.C the Mycenaeans settled on the Greek mainland. They established a leading city called, Myceane.
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1600-1100 B.C the Tiryans and Athens kings dominated Greece. Greece had multiple rulersl.
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From 1600-1100 B.C Mycenae could hold their own on any attack. Their technique was to have warrior kings surround the village and farms and strong rulers contorlled the area.
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In 1500 B.C Mycenaen civilization came into conthey with the minoab through seaborne trade. This lead to more trade and expansion of new ideas and products.
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In 1500 B.C Mycenaeans came into contact with the minoans and began to trade. The minoans influenced the Mycenaeans.
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In 1200 B.C sea riders attacked and burned Mycrnsen cities. They were invaded and became weaker.
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In 1200 B.C the Trojan war was fought bwtween the mycenaeans and troy. The war lasted for 10 years.
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1150 and 750 B.C have no written records. Little is known about that time period.
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Homer compose his epics during 750 and 700 B.C. Little is known about his oersonallity, just his work.
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The Messenians resented the spartans harsh rule. They turned into a city-state. (650 B.C)
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The spartan people paid high prices for their military supremacy. Sparta had the most powerful army in Greence. (600- 370 B.C)
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In 500 B.C Cleisthenes broke the power of the nobility. He organized people into 10 groups where they lived on their wealth.
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In 470 B.C the Athen emerged to delian league. This grew 200 city-states.
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In 1547 B.C Michelangelo designed the dome of saint Peter's Basilica in Rome. The ruins of Roman buildings inspired generations of architects.
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In 509 B.C Etruscans reached the end of their ruling. The Roman overtrhrew their last king.
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Invaders threatend Rome in 494 B.C. The Plebians withdrew and left Rome.
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In 476 B.C Western Roman Empire fell. Thought the empire fell, the Roman culture continues to influence life.
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Emperor Theodosios outlawed public non-Christian sacrifices and religious ceremonies, polytheism gradually disappeared fro the empire. (391 B.C)
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The Romans began to elect magistrals called praetors. When Rome began to spread the consuls and praetors were usually given military commands. (300 B.C)
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Pioeletian took power. He changed the empire into an absolute monarch.(284 B.C)
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The conflict between these two cities eventually grew into a series of three wars continued for 80 years. 246-146 B.C)
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Carthaginian general Hannibal lead a well- trained army and a force of war elephants across the pyrenees and the Alps to invade Italy. Many years Hannibaldominated the Italian-country side and defeating Rome. (218 B.C)
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Gaius manus was elected consul. Social unrest reached a new level. (107 B.C)
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Prompy,Caesar, Erassus, and others took over the Roman Republic as the first Triumvirate. This mean three men would lead. (60 B.C)
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Julius Caesar became one of the most powerful men in the Roman republic. He was governor of the province of gavi.(50 B.C)
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After Crassus died, Eaesart Pompey went into a civil war. Caesar wins and got all control over the republic. The senate declared him as the dictator. (44 B.C)
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Romans sacked Jerusalem and killed thousands of jews. All jews were banned from Jerusalem entirely. (66-70 A.D)
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The greatest authority in medicine lived. He wrote several volumes that summarized all the medical knowledge of his day. (100 A.D)