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100
King David (1000 BCE)
king David was the second king of Israel. During his time in power he created a powerful Israelite empire. He was able to make the city of Jerusalem his empire's capital. Also, he was responsible for bringing the Ark of the Covenant there -
105
King Solomon (950 BCE)
King Solomon was the son of David. While Solomon was in power the temple that housed the Ark of the Coenant was constructed. Solomon angered the Lord by building altars to other gods which made God divide the kingdom. The Kingdom that remained in allegiance to David named their part of the kingdom Judah. -
130
Assyrians (650 BCE)
The Assyrians were given permission from God to take over the remaining part of Israel after it was divided. To prevent Israel from rising up, the Assyrians sent the jewish people off into exile with other non-Jewish people. -
135
Babylonians (605 BCE)
The Babylonians were ruled by King Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar was able to capture the Assyrian empire in 605 BCE and was also able to capture the holy city of Jerusalem. In 586BCE the great walls of Jerusalem were torn down by the babylonians. King Solomon's temple was also dismantled and more Jews were sent to live in exile. -
150
Persians (515 BCE)
The Persian king, Cyrus, allowed jews to return to Jerusalem and allowed the rebuilding of Solomon's temple. The group of Jews that returned was very small, an estimated 50,000. -
165
Ezra (430 BCE)
Erza was a priest and a scribe of early Jewish scripture. Some scholoars believe these people wrote the creation story in the first chapter of Genesis. Erza also set up the ritual of reading from the Torah in a public square for hours at a time. -
220
Antiochus IV (170 BCE)
Antiochus was the Syrian ruler in 170 BCE and was ruthless towards the Jewish people. He built altars to Zeus in the themple, killed families that ciircumcised their sons and outlawed the Torah. This ruthlessness lead to a revolt from the Jewish people. -
222
Maccabees (164 BCE)
The Maccabees were a group of priests that revolted against Syria and won a bit of independence. From their revolt they were able to get their own nation named Israel again that was also centered around Jerusalem. -
224
Hasmonean Family (160 BCE)
Under the Hasmonean Family three sects of Jewish people lived in Judaea. The first sect were the Sadducees which were preists and wealthy businesspeople who were conservative. The second sect were the Pharisees who were the liberal group of jewish people. The third secrt was the Essenes who thought the priesthood was corrupt and they resided near the Dead Sea. -
300
Romans (63 BCE)
The Hosmonean family tension grew until it reached a civil war. The Romans were supposed to come to Judaea to choose a sect to rule the thronr but instead took the conuntry and ruled opressivly for the next four centuries. -
301
Messiah (62 BCE)
Under the opressive Roman rule, the belief that a messiah would come to save the jewish people became popular. Some of the Jews at that time believed the time for the Messiah to come was right around the corner. -
450
2nd rebellion against the Romans (163 CE)
The Jewish people tried to rise up again and got slaughtered again. The Roman king at the time outlawed the torrah, obervance of the sabbath, and circumcision. On top of that no jewish people were allowed to enter the city of Jerusalem when it was rebuilt. The only time they were permitted to enter the city was on the anniversary of the destruction of the temple, and they had to pay. -
the Greeks (300 BCE)
Since the Jews were living under foriegn rule, some aspects of other cultures were adopted into the Jewish people's lives. The mixture was known as Hellenism. The Hellenistic lifestyle resulted in many intelectual, as well as wealthy Jewish people. However, the Hellenistic attitude brought created tension with the traditionalists. -
1st rebellion against the Romans (63 CE)
An anti-Roman militia known as the Zealots attempted to take out the oppressive Roman rule. The Jewish rebels failed in their attempt which resulted in them being slaughtered in the holy city and the temple in Jerusalme was destroyed, never to be rebuilt.
