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In 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines was established with U.S. approval, and Manuel Quezon was elected the country's first president. On July 4, 1946, full independence was granted to the Republic of the Philippines by the United States.
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On August 15, 1947, India finally reached their long goal of becoming independent from Great Britain. Great Britain seperated India into two seperate indepentent countires, India and Pakistan.
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Nathuram Godse killed Gandhi. He was a part of a Hindu nationalist group that believes India only belongs to Hindus and they felt that Gandhi was getting in their way to take over India. So, Nathuram shot Gandhi while he was in prayer 6 times in the back. Nathuram was then caught and later hanged, although Gandhi's family insisted that Gandhi would not wanted the man to be harm.
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The Netherlands and France were less willing to abandon their colonial empires in Southeast Asia. The Dutch tried to suppress a new Indonesian republic that had been set up by Achmed Sukarno. When the Indonesian Communist Party attempted to seize power, however, the United States pressured the Netherlands to grant independence to Sukarno and his non-Communist Nationalist Party. In 1949, the Netherlands recognized the new Republic of Indonesia.
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Vietnam was divided into two parts. The Communists were based at Hanoi in the north. The Non-Communists were based at Saigon in the south.
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Great Britain was willing to end its colonial rule in Southeast Asia after the United States granted complete independence to the Philippines. Burma was the first to become independent. Malaya became independent in 1957.
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Communists began fighting against the Non-Communists to seize control of the entire country. President Lyndon Johnson sent US troops to South Vietnam to prevent a total victory for the Communists.
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People in East Pakistan felt that the government based in West Pakistan ignored their needs. They declared their independence in 1971. After a brief civil war, it became Bangladesh.
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In India, the conflict between Hindus and Muslims continued to be a problem. In 1992, Muslims and Hindus fought to control a holy place in the town of Adodhya. The Hindus destroyed a Muslim shrine that dated back to the 16th century.
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Religious differences fueled a long term dispute between India and Pakistan. They both wanted Kashmir which was a territory between the two nations. Now, Pakistan controls one third of Kashmir and India controls the rest.
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