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Kun Béla and the communists take over Hungary
After WW2, political extremism was on the rise in Hungary. Communism spread and Kun Bela took over control after the previous government (the Karolyi government) failed. This event began a communist regime. -
Red Terror in Hungary
Companies were államosítva, anticlerical policy. Middle and upper class gave no support, lower did. Terror groups formed, killing anyone who did not support the government. About 600 people were killed.This government failed on August 1st, 1919. -
Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon took away 2/3 of Hungary, most of its industries, and over 63 percent of Hungarians found themselves on foreign soil. Hungary was not a trading partner for countries, and its rivers were now controlled by foreign countries. -
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Bethlen Istvan become Prime Minister
Bethlen Istvan stabilized Hungary after the Horthy regime, opposed extremism and consolidated Hungary. He aimed at better relations with Germany and Italy- but first took loans from the LoN to improve Hungary. He resigned due to the Great Depression. -
National Bank Loan from LoN
Resulted in improvements of agriculture, electric industry and machine industry. Invested in new industries-> more profit. -
Great Depression Hits Hungary
The GD hit Hungary very hard- especially after the Trianon caused economical losses. Diminished price for agricultural goods, lost 60% of export generated income. 0.5 million people lost jobs. Bethlen resigned. -
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Gombos Gyula in Office
Poltical extremist, admired Mussolini. Created political and economic advantages in favor of middle class. Promised land and tax reform (later didn't happen). Attacked Jews for economic crisis, became the face of Anti-Semitism in Hungary. -
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Daranyi Kalman as Prime Minister
Responsible for further Anti-Jewish measures- First Anti-Jewish Act, Gyor Program. -
Imre Bela appointed Minister
Imre Bela stepped up against the Hungarian "nyilas" organization. Although he was anti-Jewish- and so were the nyilas, regent Horthy fired the previous minister for seeming to come to an agreement with them- since they were considered a threat to gov. Imre gained popularity by setting taxes that mostly affected the Jewish population, and using them for the lower classes' benefit. -
Vienna Awards
Upper Hungary (85% Hungarian) and Karpatalja (Aug 30, 1940)(less than 10% HU) given back to Hungary. This was done to weaken Cheszlovakia, Germany and Italy supported this. England remained neutral. Justification was based on strategic and historical grounds. -
Hungary Joins WW2
On November 20th, 1940, Hungary signed the Tripartite act, joining WW2 on the Axis Power's side- in hopes of land, and already strong relations with nazi Germany and fascist Italy. Next year Hungary took part in the invasion against Yugoslavia. -
Final Anti-Jewish Law
Between 1938 and 1944, Anti-Jewish laws were passed- first reducing the proportion of Jews in intellectual areas (1938), then the Second Jewish Law (1939) determining Jewism by blood or identification, Third Anti-Jewish law (1941) can't marry non-Jewish. Labor force of 1941- Jews given hard, unwanted military work. And the order of 1944 which forced every Jewish person over 6 to wear a David star,
