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Evil Spirits
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-prayer
-exorcism
-blood leading -
Digitalis- heart medicine
Quinine- used to treat malaria
Belladonna and Atropine- treats heart rate problems
Morphine- pain medicine -
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Health Records- liked to keep accurate records
Physicians- priests acted as physicians
How did they heal?- used medicine to heal disease, bloodletting with leeches -
Development of acupuncture- pioneer's learned to treat various illnesses with stone tools
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-Illness cause Nature vs. spiritual- sacred temples of healing, natural causes, massages, herbal therapies
-religious customs didn’t allow people to dissect bodies
-father of medicine -
Sanitation systems- clean water, baths
Medical care for sick or injured
Room in house for sick -
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Why?-Roman empire was conquered by the Huns
-medicine was practiced only in convents and monasteries -
-prayer
-herbal mixtures -
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-caused millions of deaths
-bubonic plague
-smallpox
-diphtheria
-syphilis
-tuberculosis -
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Universities- built them for research
Dissection-accepted dissection of the body for study
Books- printing press and publishing books allowed greater access and knowledge from research -
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-detailed dissections
-accurate drawings
-studied systems -
-studied the reproductive organs in both sexes
-gave the first in depth description of the fallopian tubes -
-described functions of teeth
-anatomy related to the ear -
-discovered that the valves in the veins allow blood to flow only in the direction of the heart
-proved blood circulated around the body and to the heart -
-discovered bacteria, sperm cells and blood cells -
-a person who prepared and sold drugs/medication -
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-discovered bifocals
-found that colds can be passed from person to person -
-lectures in classroom and lab to observe patients at bedside
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-discovered the element of oxygen
-he observed plants refresh air that has lost it’s oxygen making it usable for respiration -
-discovered a vaccination for smallpox
-his discovery also led to immunization and to preventive medicine in public health -
-invented the stethoscope
-made of wood
-allowed people to hear the heart and lungs -
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-attracted well-educated, dedicated woman to the Nightingale School of Nursing
-the graduates from this school raise the standards of nursing became a respectable profession -
-identified the cause of childbed fever
-his studies proved handwashing and cleanliness reduced death rates from infections -
-father of Microbiology
-discovered that tiny microorganisms were everywhere -
-discovered viruses
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-learned about Paster’s discovery that microorganisms cause infections
-first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery -
-developed asepsis
-a method that creates a germ free area for wounds -
-discovered many disease causing organisms
-introduced cleanliness -
-discovered the effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms
-he found a treatment to treat syphilis -
-Discovered x-rays
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-surgery was first preformed without anesthesia
-used herbs and alcohol to relieve pain -
-found that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria
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-discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind
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-Discovered sulfonamide compounds
-first medications effective in killing bacteria -
-discovered that dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis
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-used a live polio virus vaccine
-to immunize babies against this disease -
-discovered molecular structure of DNA
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-performed the first successful heart transplant
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-pioneer in separating Siamese twins and performing surgery’s on the brain to stop seizures
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CRISPR-gene editing to treat genetic disorders
Organ Transplatation-increased success rates of transplants with better techniques
mRNA vaccines- against ending COVID-19 has helped decrease death rates
Telemedicine-virtual consultations easier for patients
AI-gets diagnosis faster and more accurate